(function (window) {
    'use strict';

    /*global define, module, exports, require */

    var c3 = { version: "0.3.0" };

    var c3_chart_fn, c3_chart_internal_fn;

    function Chart(config) {
        var $$ = this.internal = new ChartInternal(this);
        $$.loadConfig(config);
        $$.init();

        // bind "this" to nested API
        (function bindThis(fn, target, argThis) {
            for (var key in fn) {
                target[key] = fn[key].bind(argThis);
                if (Object.keys(fn[key]).length > 0) {
                    bindThis(fn[key], target[key], argThis);
                }
            }
        })(c3_chart_fn, this, this);
    }

    function ChartInternal(api) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.d3 = window.d3 ? window.d3 : typeof require !== 'undefined' ? require("d3") : undefined;
        $$.api = api;
        $$.config = $$.getDefaultConfig();
        $$.data = {};
        $$.cache = {};
        $$.axes = {};
    }

    c3.generate = function (config) {
        return new Chart(config);
    };

    c3.chart = {
        fn: Chart.prototype,
        internal: {
            fn: ChartInternal.prototype
        }
    };
    c3_chart_fn = c3.chart.fn;
    c3_chart_internal_fn = c3.chart.internal.fn;


    c3_chart_internal_fn.init = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;

        $$.initParams();

        if (config.data_url) {
            $$.convertUrlToData(config.data_url, config.data_mimeType, config.data_keys, $$.initWithData);
        }
        else if (config.data_json) {
            $$.initWithData($$.convertJsonToData(config.data_json, config.data_keys));
        }
        else if (config.data_rows) {
            $$.initWithData($$.convertRowsToData(config.data_rows));
        }
        else if (config.data_columns) {
            $$.initWithData($$.convertColumnsToData(config.data_columns));
        }
        else {
            throw Error('url or json or rows or columns is required.');
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initParams = function () {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;

        // MEMO: clipId needs to be unique because it conflicts when multiple charts exist
        $$.clipId = "c3-" + (+new Date()) + '-clip',
        $$.clipIdForXAxis = $$.clipId + '-xaxis',
        $$.clipIdForYAxis = $$.clipId + '-yaxis',
        $$.clipPath = $$.getClipPath($$.clipId),
        $$.clipPathForXAxis = $$.getClipPath($$.clipIdForXAxis),
        $$.clipPathForYAxis = $$.getClipPath($$.clipIdForYAxis);

        $$.dragStart = null;
        $$.dragging = false;
        $$.cancelClick = false;
        $$.mouseover = false;
        $$.transiting = false;

        $$.color = $$.generateColor();
        $$.levelColor = $$.generateLevelColor();

        $$.dataTimeFormat = config.data_xLocaltime ? d3.time.format : d3.time.format.utc;
        $$.axisTimeFormat = config.axis_x_localtime ? d3.time.format : d3.time.format.utc;
        $$.defaultAxisTimeFormat = $$.axisTimeFormat.multi([
            [".%L", function (d) { return d.getMilliseconds(); }],
            [":%S", function (d) { return d.getSeconds(); }],
            ["%I:%M", function (d) { return d.getMinutes(); }],
            ["%I %p", function (d) { return d.getHours(); }],
            ["%-m/%-d", function (d) { return d.getDay() && d.getDate() !== 1; }],
            ["%-m/%-d", function (d) { return d.getDate() !== 1; }],
            ["%-m/%-d", function (d) { return d.getMonth(); }],
            ["%Y/%-m/%-d", function () { return true; }]
        ]);

        $$.hiddenTargetIds = [];
        $$.hiddenLegendIds = [];

        $$.xOrient = config.axis_rotated ? "left" : "bottom";
        $$.yOrient = config.axis_rotated ? "bottom" : "left";
        $$.y2Orient = config.axis_rotated ? "top" : "right";
        $$.subXOrient = config.axis_rotated ? "left" : "bottom";

        $$.isLegendRight = config.legend_position === 'right';
        $$.isLegendInset = config.legend_position === 'inset';
        $$.isLegendTop = config.legend_inset_anchor === 'top-left' || config.legend_inset_anchor === 'top-right';
        $$.isLegendLeft = config.legend_inset_anchor === 'top-left' || config.legend_inset_anchor === 'bottom-left';
        $$.legendStep = 0;
        $$.legendItemWidth = 0;
        $$.legendItemHeight = 0;
        $$.legendOpacityForHidden = 0.15;

        $$.currentMaxTickWidth = 0;

        $$.rotated_padding_left = 30;
        $$.rotated_padding_right = config.axis_rotated && !config.axis_x_show ? 0 : 30;
        $$.rotated_padding_top = 5;

        $$.withoutFadeIn = {};

        $$.axes.subx = d3.selectAll([]); // needs when excluding subchart.js
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initWithData = function (data) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        var main, binding = true;

        if ($$.initPie) { $$.initPie(); }
        if ($$.initBrush) { $$.initBrush(); }
        if ($$.initZoom) { $$.initZoom(); }

        $$.selectChart = d3.select(config.bindto);
        if ($$.selectChart.empty()) {
            $$.selectChart = d3.select(document.createElement('div')).style('opacity', 0);
            $$.observeInserted($$.selectChart);
            binding = false;
        }
        $$.selectChart.html("").classed("c3", true);

        // Init data as targets
        $$.data.xs = {};
        $$.data.targets = $$.convertDataToTargets(data);

        if (config.data_filter) {
            $$.data.targets = $$.data.targets.filter(config.data_filter);
        }

        // Set targets to hide if needed
        if (config.data_hide) {
            $$.addHiddenTargetIds(config.data_hide === true ? $$.mapToIds($$.data.targets) : config.data_hide);
        }

        // when gauge, hide legend // TODO: fix
        if ($$.hasType('gauge')) {
            config.legend_show = false;
        }

        // Init sizes and scales
        $$.updateSizes();
        $$.updateScales();

        // Set domains for each scale
        $$.x.domain(d3.extent($$.getXDomain($$.data.targets)));
        $$.y.domain($$.getYDomain($$.data.targets, 'y'));
        $$.y2.domain($$.getYDomain($$.data.targets, 'y2'));
        $$.subX.domain($$.x.domain());
        $$.subY.domain($$.y.domain());
        $$.subY2.domain($$.y2.domain());

        // Save original x domain for zoom update
        $$.orgXDomain = $$.x.domain();

        // Set initialized scales to brush and zoom
        if ($$.brush) { $$.brush.scale($$.subX); }
        if (config.zoom_enabled) { $$.zoom.scale($$.x); }

        /*-- Basic Elements --*/

        // Define svgs
        $$.svg = $$.selectChart.append("svg")
            .style("overflow", "hidden")
            .on('mouseenter', function () { return config.onmouseover.call($$); })
            .on('mouseleave', function () { return config.onmouseout.call($$); });

        // Define defs
        $$.defs = $$.svg.append("defs");
        $$.defs.append("clipPath").attr("id", $$.clipId).append("rect");
        $$.defs.append("clipPath").attr("id", $$.clipIdForXAxis).append("rect");
        $$.defs.append("clipPath").attr("id", $$.clipIdForYAxis).append("rect");
        $$.updateSvgSize();

        // Define regions
        main = $$.main = $$.svg.append("g").attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('main'));

        if ($$.initSubchart) { $$.initSubchart(); }
        if ($$.initTooltip) { $$.initTooltip(); }
        if ($$.initLegend) { $$.initLegend(); }

        /*-- Main Region --*/

        // text when empty
        main.append("text")
            .attr("class", CLASS.text + ' ' + CLASS.empty)
            .attr("text-anchor", "middle") // horizontal centering of text at x position in all browsers.
            .attr("dominant-baseline", "middle"); // vertical centering of text at y position in all browsers, except IE.

        // Regions
        $$.initRegion();

        // Grids
        $$.initGrid();

        // Define g for chart area
        main.append('g')
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPath)
            .attr('class', CLASS.chart);

        // Cover whole with rects for events
        $$.initEventRect();

        // Define g for bar chart area
        if ($$.initBar) { $$.initBar(); }

        // Define g for line chart area
        if ($$.initLine) { $$.initLine(); }

        // Define g for arc chart area
        if ($$.initArc) { $$.initArc(); }
        if ($$.initGauge) { $$.initGauge(); }

        // Define g for text area
        if ($$.initText) { $$.initText(); }

        // if zoom privileged, insert rect to forefront
        // TODO: is this needed?
        main.insert('rect', config.zoom_privileged ? null : 'g.' + CLASS.regions)
            .attr('class', CLASS.zoomRect)
            .attr('width', $$.width)
            .attr('height', $$.height)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .on("dblclick.zoom", null);

        // Set default extent if defined
        if (config.axis_x_default) {
            $$.brush.extent(isFunction(config.axis_x_default) ? config.axis_x_default($$.getXDomain()) : config.axis_x_default);
        }

        // Add Axis
        $$.initAxis();

        // Set targets
        $$.updateTargets($$.data.targets);

        // Draw with targets
        if (binding) {
            $$.updateDimension();
            $$.redraw({
                withTransform: true,
                withUpdateXDomain: true,
                withUpdateOrgXDomain: true,
                withTransitionForAxis: false
            });
        }

        // Bind resize event
        if (window.onresize == null) {
            window.onresize = $$.generateResize();
        }
        if (window.onresize.add) {
            window.onresize.add(function () {
                config.onresize.call($$);
            });
            window.onresize.add(function () {
                $$.api.flush();
            });
            window.onresize.add(function () {
                config.onresized.call($$);
            });
        }

        // export element of the chart
        $$.api.element = $$.selectChart.node();
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.smoothLines = function (el, type) {
        var $$ = this;
        if (type === 'grid') {
            el.each(function () {
                var g = $$.d3.select(this),
                    x1 = g.attr('x1'),
                    x2 = g.attr('x2'),
                    y1 = g.attr('y1'),
                    y2 = g.attr('y2');
                g.attr({
                    'x1': Math.ceil(x1),
                    'x2': Math.ceil(x2),
                    'y1': Math.ceil(y1),
                    'y2': Math.ceil(y2)
                });
            });
        }
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateSizes = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        var legendHeight = $$.legend ? $$.getLegendHeight() : 0,
            legendWidth = $$.legend ? $$.getLegendWidth() : 0,
            legendHeightForBottom = $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? 0 : legendHeight,
            hasArc = $$.hasArcType(),
            xAxisHeight = config.axis_rotated || hasArc ? 0 : $$.getHorizontalAxisHeight('x'),
            subchartHeight = config.subchart_show && !hasArc ? (config.subchart_size_height + xAxisHeight) : 0;

        $$.currentWidth = $$.getCurrentWidth();
        $$.currentHeight = $$.getCurrentHeight();

        // for main
        $$.margin = config.axis_rotated ? {
            top: $$.getHorizontalAxisHeight('y2') + $$.getCurrentPaddingTop(),
            right: hasArc ? 0 : $$.getCurrentPaddingRight(),
            bottom: $$.getHorizontalAxisHeight('y') + legendHeightForBottom + $$.getCurrentPaddingBottom(),
            left: subchartHeight + (hasArc ? 0 : $$.getCurrentPaddingLeft())
        } : {
            top: 4 + $$.getCurrentPaddingTop(), // for top tick text
            right: hasArc ? 0 : $$.getCurrentPaddingRight(),
            bottom: xAxisHeight + subchartHeight + legendHeightForBottom + $$.getCurrentPaddingBottom(),
            left: hasArc ? 0 : $$.getCurrentPaddingLeft()
        };

        // for subchart
        $$.margin2 = config.axis_rotated ? {
            top: $$.margin.top,
            right: NaN,
            bottom: 20 + legendHeightForBottom,
            left: $$.rotated_padding_left
        } : {
            top: $$.currentHeight - subchartHeight - legendHeightForBottom,
            right: NaN,
            bottom: xAxisHeight + legendHeightForBottom,
            left: $$.margin.left
        };

        // for legend
        $$.margin3 = {
            top: 0,
            right: NaN,
            bottom: 0,
            left: 0
        };
        if ($$.updateSizeForLegend) { $$.updateSizeForLegend(legendHeight, legendWidth); }

        $$.width = $$.currentWidth - $$.margin.left - $$.margin.right;
        $$.height = $$.currentHeight - $$.margin.top - $$.margin.bottom;
        if ($$.width < 0) { $$.width = 0; }
        if ($$.height < 0) { $$.height = 0; }

        $$.width2 = config.axis_rotated ? $$.margin.left - $$.rotated_padding_left - $$.rotated_padding_right : $$.width;
        $$.height2 = config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : $$.currentHeight - $$.margin2.top - $$.margin2.bottom;
        if ($$.width2 < 0) { $$.width2 = 0; }
        if ($$.height2 < 0) { $$.height2 = 0; }

        // for arc
        $$.arcWidth = $$.width - ($$.isLegendRight ? legendWidth + 10 : 0);
        $$.arcHeight = $$.height - ($$.isLegendRight ? 0 : 10);
        if ($$.updateRadius) { $$.updateRadius(); }

        if ($$.isLegendRight && hasArc) {
            $$.margin3.left = $$.arcWidth / 2 + $$.radiusExpanded * 1.1;
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargets = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;

        /*-- Main --*/

        //-- Text --//
        $$.updateTargetsForText(targets);

        //-- Bar --//
        $$.updateTargetsForBar(targets);

        //-- Line --//
        $$.updateTargetsForLine(targets);

        //-- Arc --//
        if ($$.updateTargetsForArc) { $$.updateTargetsForArc(targets); }
        if ($$.updateTargetsForSubchart) { $$.updateTargetsForSubchart(targets); }

        /*-- Show --*/

        // Fade-in each chart
        $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.target).filter(function (d) { return $$.isTargetToShow(d.id); })
          .transition().duration(config.transition_duration)
            .style("opacity", 1);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.redraw = function (options, transitions) {
        var $$ = this, main = $$.main, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        var areaIndices = $$.getShapeIndices($$.isAreaType), barIndices = $$.getShapeIndices($$.isBarType), lineIndices = $$.getShapeIndices($$.isLineType);
        var withY, withSubchart, withTransition, withTransitionForExit, withTransitionForAxis, withTransform, withUpdateXDomain, withUpdateOrgXDomain, withLegend;
        var hideAxis = $$.hasArcType();
        var drawArea, drawBar, drawLine, xForText, yForText;
        var duration, durationForExit, durationForAxis;
        var waitForDraw, flow;
        var targetsToShow = $$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets), tickValues, i, intervalForCulling;
        var xv = $$.xv.bind($$),
            cx = ($$.config.axis_rotated ? $$.circleY : $$.circleX).bind($$),
            cy = ($$.config.axis_rotated ? $$.circleX : $$.circleY).bind($$);

        options = options || {};
        withY = getOption(options, "withY", true);
        withSubchart = getOption(options, "withSubchart", true);
        withTransition = getOption(options, "withTransition", true);
        withTransform = getOption(options, "withTransform", false);
        withUpdateXDomain = getOption(options, "withUpdateXDomain", false);
        withUpdateOrgXDomain = getOption(options, "withUpdateOrgXDomain", false);
        withLegend = getOption(options, "withLegend", false);
        withTransitionForExit = getOption(options, "withTransitionForExit", withTransition);
        withTransitionForAxis = getOption(options, "withTransitionForAxis", withTransition);

        duration = withTransition ? config.transition_duration : 0;
        durationForExit = withTransitionForExit ? duration : 0;
        durationForAxis = withTransitionForAxis ? duration : 0;

        transitions = transitions || $$.generateAxisTransitions(durationForAxis);

        // update legend and transform each g
        if (withLegend && config.legend_show) {
            $$.updateLegend($$.mapToIds($$.data.targets), options, transitions);
        }

        // MEMO: needed for grids calculation
        if ($$.isCategorized() && targetsToShow.length === 0) {
            $$.x.domain([0, $$.axes.x.selectAll('.tick').size()]);
        }

        if (targetsToShow.length) {
            $$.updateXDomain(targetsToShow, withUpdateXDomain, withUpdateOrgXDomain);
            // update axis tick values according to options
            if (!config.axis_x_tick_values && (config.axis_x_tick_fit || config.axis_x_tick_count)) {
                tickValues = $$.generateTickValues($$.mapTargetsToUniqueXs(targetsToShow), config.axis_x_tick_count);
                $$.xAxis.tickValues(tickValues);
                $$.subXAxis.tickValues(tickValues);
            }
        } else {
            $$.xAxis.tickValues([]);
            $$.subXAxis.tickValues([]);
        }

        $$.y.domain($$.getYDomain(targetsToShow, 'y'));
        $$.y2.domain($$.getYDomain(targetsToShow, 'y2'));

        // axes
        $$.redrawAxis(transitions, hideAxis);

        // Update axis label
        $$.updateAxisLabels(withTransition);

        // show/hide if manual culling needed
        if (withUpdateXDomain && targetsToShow.length) {
            if (config.axis_x_tick_culling && tickValues) {
                for (i = 1; i < tickValues.length; i++) {
                    if (tickValues.length / i < config.axis_x_tick_culling_max) {
                        intervalForCulling = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.axisX + ' .tick text').each(function (e) {
                    var index = tickValues.indexOf(e);
                    if (index >= 0) {
                        d3.select(this).style('display', index % intervalForCulling ? 'none' : 'block');
                    }
                });
            } else {
                $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.axisX + ' .tick text').style('display', 'block');
            }
        }

        // rotate tick text if needed
        if (!config.axis_rotated && config.axis_x_tick_rotate) {
            $$.rotateTickText($$.axes.x, transitions.axisX, config.axis_x_tick_rotate);
        }

        // setup drawer - MEMO: these must be called after axis updated
        drawArea = $$.generateDrawArea ? $$.generateDrawArea(areaIndices, false) : undefined;
        drawBar = $$.generateDrawBar ? $$.generateDrawBar(barIndices) : undefined;
        drawLine = $$.generateDrawLine ? $$.generateDrawLine(lineIndices, false) : undefined;
        xForText = $$.generateXYForText(barIndices, true);
        yForText = $$.generateXYForText(barIndices, false);

        // Update sub domain
        $$.subY.domain($$.y.domain());
        $$.subY2.domain($$.y2.domain());

        // tooltip
        $$.tooltip.style("display", "none");

        // xgrid focus
        $$.updateXgridFocus();

        // Data empty label positioning and text.
        main.select("text." + CLASS.text + '.' + CLASS.empty)
            .attr("x", $$.width / 2)
            .attr("y", $$.height / 2)
            .text(config.data_empty_label_text)
          .transition()
            .style('opacity', targetsToShow.length ? 0 : 1);

        // grid
        $$.redrawGrid(duration, withY);

        // rect for regions
        $$.redrawRegion(duration);

        // bars
        $$.redrawBar(durationForExit);

        // lines, areas and cricles
        $$.redrawLine(durationForExit);
        $$.redrawArea(durationForExit);
        if (config.point_show) { $$.redrawCircle(); }

        // text
        if ($$.hasDataLabel()) {
            $$.redrawText(durationForExit);
        }

        // arc
        if ($$.redrawArc) { $$.redrawArc(duration, durationForExit, withTransform); }

        // subchart
        if ($$.redrawSubchart) {
            $$.redrawSubchart(withSubchart, transitions, duration, durationForExit, areaIndices, barIndices, lineIndices);
        }

        // circles for select
        main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.selectedCircles)
            .filter($$.isBarType.bind($$))
            .selectAll('circle')
            .remove();

        // event rect
        if (config.interaction_enabled) {
            $$.redrawEventRect();
        }

        // transition should be derived from one transition
        d3.transition().duration(duration).each(function () {
            var transitions = [];

            $$.addTransitionForBar(transitions, drawBar);
            $$.addTransitionForLine(transitions, drawLine);
            $$.addTransitionForArea(transitions, drawArea);
            if (config.point_show) { $$.addTransitionForCircle(transitions, cx, cy); }
            $$.addTransitionForText(transitions, xForText, yForText, options.flow);
            $$.addTransitionForRegion(transitions);
            $$.addTransitionForGrid(transitions);

            // Wait for end of transitions if called from flow API
            if (options.flow) {
                waitForDraw = $$.generateWait();
                transitions.forEach(function (t) {
                    waitForDraw.add(t);
                });
                flow = $$.generateFlow({
                    targets: targetsToShow,
                    flow: options.flow,
                    duration: duration,
                    drawBar: drawBar,
                    drawLine: drawLine,
                    drawArea: drawArea,
                    cx: cx,
                    cy: cy,
                    xv: xv,
                    xForText: xForText,
                    yForText: yForText
                });
            }
        })
        .call(waitForDraw || function () {}, flow || function () {});

        // update fadein condition
        $$.mapToIds($$.data.targets).forEach(function (id) {
            $$.withoutFadeIn[id] = true;
        });

        if ($$.updateZoom) { $$.updateZoom(); }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateAndRedraw = function (options) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, transitions;
        options = options || {};
        // same with redraw
        options.withTransition = getOption(options, "withTransition", true);
        options.withTransform = getOption(options, "withTransform", false);
        options.withLegend = getOption(options, "withLegend", false);
        // NOT same with redraw
        options.withUpdateXDomain = true;
        options.withUpdateOrgXDomain = true;
        options.withTransitionForExit = false;
        options.withTransitionForTransform = getOption(options, "withTransitionForTransform", options.withTransition);
        // MEMO: this needs to be called before updateLegend and it means this ALWAYS needs to be called)
        $$.updateSizes();
        // MEMO: called in updateLegend in redraw if withLegend
        if (!(options.withLegend && config.legend_show)) {
            transitions = $$.generateAxisTransitions(options.withTransitionForAxis ? config.transition_duration : 0);
            // Update scales
            $$.updateScales();
            $$.updateSvgSize();
            // Update g positions
            $$.transformAll(options.withTransitionForTransform, transitions);
        }
        // Draw with new sizes & scales
        $$.redraw(options, transitions);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.isTimeSeries = function () {
        return this.config.axis_x_type === 'timeseries';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isCategorized = function () {
        return this.config.axis_x_type.indexOf('categor') >= 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isCustomX = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return !$$.isTimeSeries() && (config.data_x || notEmpty(config.data_xs));
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getTranslate = function (target) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, x, y;
        if (target === 'main') {
            x = asHalfPixel($$.margin.left);
            y = asHalfPixel($$.margin.top);
        } else if (target === 'context') {
            x = asHalfPixel($$.margin2.left);
            y = asHalfPixel($$.margin2.top);
        } else if (target === 'legend') {
            x = $$.margin3.left;
            y = $$.margin3.top;
        } else if (target === 'x') {
            x = 0;
            y = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.height;
        } else if (target === 'y') {
            x = 0;
            y = config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : 0;
        } else if (target === 'y2') {
            x = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.width;
            y = config.axis_rotated ? 1 : 0;
        } else if (target === 'subx') {
            x = 0;
            y = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.height2;
        } else if (target === 'arc') {
            x = $$.arcWidth / 2;
            y = $$.arcHeight / 2;
        }
        return "translate(" + x + "," + y + ")";
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.initialOpacity = function (d) {
        return d.value !== null && this.withoutFadeIn[d.id] ? 1 : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.opacityForCircle = function (d) {
        var $$ = this;
        return isValue(d.value) ? $$.isScatterType(d) ? 0.5 : 1 : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.opacityForText = function () {
        return this.hasDataLabel() ? 1 : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.xx = function (d) {
        return d ? this.x(d.x) : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.xv = function (d) {
        var $$ = this;
        return Math.ceil($$.x($$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(d.value) : d.value));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.yv = function (d) {
        var $$ = this,
            yScale = d.axis && d.axis === 'y2' ? $$.y2 : $$.y;
        return Math.ceil(yScale(d.value));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.subxx = function (d) {
        return d ? this.subX(d.x) : null;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.transformMain = function (withTransition, transitions) {
        var $$ = this,
            xAxis, yAxis, y2Axis;
        if (transitions && transitions.axisX) {
            xAxis = transitions.axisX;
        } else {
            xAxis  = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.axisX);
            if (withTransition) { xAxis = xAxis.transition(); }
        }
        if (transitions && transitions.axisY) {
            yAxis = transitions.axisY;
        } else {
            yAxis = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.axisY);
            if (withTransition) { yAxis = yAxis.transition(); }
        }
        if (transitions && transitions.axisY2) {
            y2Axis = transitions.axisY2;
        } else {
            y2Axis = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.axisY2);
            if (withTransition) { y2Axis = y2Axis.transition(); }
        }
        (withTransition ? $$.main.transition() : $$.main).attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('main'));
        xAxis.attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('x'));
        yAxis.attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('y'));
        y2Axis.attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('y2'));
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chartArcs).attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('arc'));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.transformAll = function (withTransition, transitions) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.transformMain(withTransition, transitions);
        if ($$.config.subchart_show) { $$.transformContext(withTransition, transitions); }
        if ($$.legend) { $$.transformLegend(withTransition); }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateSvgSize = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.svg.attr('width', $$.currentWidth).attr('height', $$.currentHeight);
        $$.svg.select('#' + $$.clipId).select('rect')
            .attr('width', $$.width)
            .attr('height', $$.height);
        $$.svg.select('#' + $$.clipIdForXAxis).select('rect')
            .attr('x', $$.getXAxisClipX.bind($$))
            .attr('y', $$.getXAxisClipY.bind($$))
            .attr('width', $$.getXAxisClipWidth.bind($$))
            .attr('height', $$.getXAxisClipHeight.bind($$));
        $$.svg.select('#' + $$.clipIdForYAxis).select('rect')
            .attr('x', $$.getYAxisClipX.bind($$))
            .attr('y', $$.getYAxisClipY.bind($$))
            .attr('width', $$.getYAxisClipWidth.bind($$))
            .attr('height', $$.getYAxisClipHeight.bind($$));
        $$.svg.select('.' + CLASS.zoomRect)
            .attr('width', $$.width)
            .attr('height', $$.height);
        // MEMO: parent div's height will be bigger than svg when <!DOCTYPE html>
        $$.selectChart.style('max-height', $$.currentHeight + "px");
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateDimension = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        if ($$.config.axis_rotated) {
            $$.axes.x.call($$.xAxis);
            $$.axes.subx.call($$.subXAxis);
        } else {
            $$.axes.y.call($$.yAxis);
            $$.axes.y2.call($$.y2Axis);
        }
        $$.updateSizes();
        $$.updateScales();
        $$.updateSvgSize();
        $$.transformAll(false);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.observeInserted = function (selection) {
        var $$ = this, observer = new MutationObserver(function (mutations) {
            mutations.forEach(function (mutation) {
                if (mutation.type === 'childList' && mutation.previousSibling) {
                    observer.disconnect();
                    // need to wait for completion of load because size calculation requires the actual sizes determined after that completion
                    var interval = window.setInterval(function () {
                        // parentNode will NOT be null when completed
                        if (selection.node().parentNode) {
                            window.clearInterval(interval);
                            $$.updateDimension();
                            $$.redraw({
                                withTransform: true,
                                withUpdateXDomain: true,
                                withUpdateOrgXDomain: true,
                                withTransition: false,
                                withTransitionForTransform: false,
                                withLegend: true
                            });
                            selection.transition().style('opacity', 1);
                        }
                    }, 10);
                }
            });
        });
        observer.observe(selection.node(), {attributes: true, childList: true, characterData: true});
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateResize = function () {
        var resizeFunctions = [];
        function callResizeFunctions() {
            resizeFunctions.forEach(function (f) {
                f();
            });
        }
        callResizeFunctions.add = function (f) {
            resizeFunctions.push(f);
        };
        return callResizeFunctions;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.endall = function (transition, callback) {
        var n = 0;
        transition
            .each(function () { ++n; })
            .each("end", function () {
                if (!--n) { callback.apply(this, arguments); }
            });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateWait = function () {
        var transitionsToWait = [],
            f = function (transition, callback) {
                var timer = setInterval(function () {
                    var done = 0;
                    transitionsToWait.forEach(function (t) {
                        if (t.empty()) {
                            done += 1;
                            return;
                        }
                        try {
                            t.transition();
                        } catch (e) {
                            done += 1;
                        }
                    });
                    if (done === transitionsToWait.length) {
                        clearInterval(timer);
                        if (callback) { callback(); }
                    }
                }, 10);
            };
        f.add = function (transition) {
            transitionsToWait.push(transition);
        };
        return f;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.parseDate = function (date) {
        var $$ = this, parsedDate;
        if (date instanceof Date) {
            parsedDate = date;
        } else if (typeof date === 'number') {
            parsedDate = new Date(date);
        } else {
            parsedDate = $$.dataTimeFormat($$.config.data_xFormat).parse(date);
        }
        if (!parsedDate || isNaN(+parsedDate)) {
            window.console.error("Failed to parse x '" + date + "' to Date object");
        }
        return parsedDate;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getDefaultConfig = function () {
        var config = {
            bindto: '#chart',
            size_width: undefined,
            size_height: undefined,
            padding_left: undefined,
            padding_right: undefined,
            padding_top: undefined,
            padding_bottom: undefined,
            zoom_enabled: false,
            zoom_extent: undefined,
            zoom_privileged: false,
            zoom_onzoom: function () {},
            interaction_enabled: true,
            onmouseover: function () {},
            onmouseout: function () {},
            onresize: function () {},
            onresized: function () {},
            transition_duration: 350,
            data_x: undefined,
            data_xs: {},
            data_xFormat: '%Y-%m-%d',
            data_xLocaltime: true,
            data_idConverter: function (id) { return id; },
            data_names: {},
            data_classes: {},
            data_groups: [],
            data_axes: {},
            data_type: undefined,
            data_types: {},
            data_labels: {},
            data_order: 'desc',
            data_regions: {},
            data_color: undefined,
            data_colors: {},
            data_hide: false,
            data_filter: undefined,
            data_selection_enabled: false,
            data_selection_grouped: false,
            data_selection_isselectable: function () { return true; },
            data_selection_multiple: true,
            data_onclick: function () {},
            data_onmouseover: function () {},
            data_onmouseout: function () {},
            data_onselected: function () {},
            data_onunselected: function () {},
            data_ondragstart: function () {},
            data_ondragend: function () {},
            data_url: undefined,
            data_json: undefined,
            data_rows: undefined,
            data_columns: undefined,
            data_mimeType: undefined,
            data_keys: undefined,
            // configuration for no plot-able data supplied.
            data_empty_label_text: "",
            // subchart
            subchart_show: false,
            subchart_size_height: 60,
            subchart_onbrush: function () {},
            // color
            color_pattern: [],
            color_threshold: {},
            // legend
            legend_show: true,
            legend_position: 'bottom',
            legend_inset_anchor: 'top-left',
            legend_inset_x: 10,
            legend_inset_y: 0,
            legend_inset_step: undefined,
            legend_item_onclick: undefined,
            legend_item_onmouseover: undefined,
            legend_item_onmouseout: undefined,
            legend_equally: false,
            // axis
            axis_rotated: false,
            axis_x_show: true,
            axis_x_type: 'indexed',
            axis_x_localtime: true,
            axis_x_categories: [],
            axis_x_tick_centered: false,
            axis_x_tick_format: undefined,
            axis_x_tick_culling: {},
            axis_x_tick_culling_max: 10,
            axis_x_tick_count: undefined,
            axis_x_tick_fit: true,
            axis_x_tick_values: null,
            axis_x_tick_rotate: undefined,
            axis_x_tick_outer: true,
            axis_x_max: null,
            axis_x_min: null,
            axis_x_padding: {},
            axis_x_height: undefined,
            axis_x_default: undefined,
            axis_x_label: {},
            axis_y_show: true,
            axis_y_max: undefined,
            axis_y_min: undefined,
            axis_y_center: undefined,
            axis_y_label: {},
            axis_y_tick_format: undefined,
            axis_y_tick_outer: true,
            axis_y_padding: undefined,
            axis_y_ticks: 10,
            axis_y2_show: false,
            axis_y2_max: undefined,
            axis_y2_min: undefined,
            axis_y2_center: undefined,
            axis_y2_label: {},
            axis_y2_tick_format: undefined,
            axis_y2_tick_outer: true,
            axis_y2_padding: undefined,
            axis_y2_ticks: 10,
            // grid
            grid_x_show: false,
            grid_x_type: 'tick',
            grid_x_lines: [],
            grid_y_show: false,
            // not used
            // grid_y_type: 'tick',
            grid_y_lines: [],
            grid_y_ticks: 10,
            grid_focus_show: true,
            // point - point of each data
            point_show: true,
            point_r: 2.5,
            point_focus_expand_enabled: true,
            point_focus_expand_r: undefined,
            point_select_r: undefined,
            line_connect_null: false,
            // bar
            bar_width: undefined,
            bar_width_ratio: 0.6,
            bar_width_max: undefined,
            bar_zerobased: true,
            // area
            area_zerobased: true,
            // pie
            pie_label_show: true,
            pie_label_format: undefined,
            pie_label_threshold: 0.05,
            pie_sort: true,
            pie_expand: true,
            // gauge
            gauge_label_show: true,
            gauge_label_format: undefined,
            gauge_expand: true,
            gauge_min: 0,
            gauge_max: 100,
            gauge_units: undefined,
            gauge_width: undefined,
            // donut
            donut_label_show: true,
            donut_label_format: undefined,
            donut_label_threshold: 0.05,
            donut_width: undefined,
            donut_sort: true,
            donut_expand: true,
            donut_title: "",
            // region - region to change style
            regions: [],
            // tooltip - show when mouseover on each data
            tooltip_show: true,
            tooltip_grouped: true,
            tooltip_format_title: undefined,
            tooltip_format_name: undefined,
            tooltip_format_value: undefined,
            tooltip_contents: function (d, defaultTitleFormat, defaultValueFormat, color) {
                return this.getTooltipContent ? this.getTooltipContent(d, defaultTitleFormat, defaultValueFormat, color) : '';
            },
            tooltip_init_show: false,
            tooltip_init_x: 0,
            tooltip_init_position: {top: '0px', left: '50px'}
        };

        Object.keys(this.additionalConfig).forEach(function (key) {
            config[key] = this.additionalConfig[key];
        }, this);

        return config;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.additionalConfig = {};

    c3_chart_internal_fn.loadConfig = function (config) {
        var this_config = this.config, target, keys, read;
        function find() {
            var key = keys.shift();
    //        console.log("key =>", key, ", target =>", target);
            if (key && target && typeof target === 'object' && key in target) {
                target = target[key];
                return find();
            }
            else if (!key) {
                return target;
            }
            else {
                return undefined;
            }
        }
        Object.keys(this_config).forEach(function (key) {
            target = config;
            keys = key.split('_');
            read = find();
    //        console.log("CONFIG : ", key, read);
            if (isDefined(read)) {
                this_config[key] = read;
            }
        });
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getScale = function (min, max, forTimeseries) {
        return (forTimeseries ? this.d3.time.scale() : this.d3.scale.linear()).range([min, max]);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getX = function (min, max, domain, offset) {
        var $$ = this,
            scale = $$.getScale(min, max, $$.isTimeSeries()),
            _scale = domain ? scale.domain(domain) : scale, key;
        // Define customized scale if categorized axis
        if ($$.isCategorized()) {
            offset = offset || function () { return 0; };
            scale = function (d, raw) {
                var v = _scale(d) + offset(d);
                return raw ? v : Math.ceil(v);
            };
        } else {
            scale = function (d, raw) {
                var v = _scale(d);
                return raw ? v : Math.ceil(v);
            };
        }
        // define functions
        for (key in _scale) {
            scale[key] = _scale[key];
        }
        scale.orgDomain = function () {
            return _scale.domain();
        };
        // define custom domain() for categorized axis
        if ($$.isCategorized()) {
            scale.domain = function (domain) {
                if (!arguments.length) {
                    domain = this.orgDomain();
                    return [domain[0], domain[1] + 1];
                }
                _scale.domain(domain);
                return scale;
            };
        }
        return scale;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getY = function (min, max, domain) {
        var scale = this.getScale(min, max);
        if (domain) { scale.domain(domain); }
        return scale;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYScale = function (id) {
        return this.getAxisId(id) === 'y2' ? this.y2 : this.y;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getSubYScale = function (id) {
        return this.getAxisId(id) === 'y2' ? this.subY2 : this.subY;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateScales = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            forInit = !$$.x;
        // update edges
        $$.xMin = config.axis_rotated ? 1 : 0;
        $$.xMax = config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : $$.width;
        $$.yMin = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.height;
        $$.yMax = config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : 1;
        $$.subXMin = $$.xMin;
        $$.subXMax = $$.xMax;
        $$.subYMin = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.height2;
        $$.subYMax = config.axis_rotated ? $$.width2 : 1;
        // update scales
        $$.x = $$.getX($$.xMin, $$.xMax, forInit ? undefined : $$.x.orgDomain(), function () { return $$.xAxis.tickOffset(); });
        $$.y = $$.getY($$.yMin, $$.yMax, forInit ? undefined : $$.y.domain());
        $$.y2 = $$.getY($$.yMin, $$.yMax, forInit ? undefined : $$.y2.domain());
        $$.subX = $$.getX($$.xMin, $$.xMax, $$.orgXDomain, function (d) { return d % 1 ? 0 : $$.subXAxis.tickOffset(); });
        $$.subY = $$.getY($$.subYMin, $$.subYMax, forInit ? undefined : $$.subY.domain());
        $$.subY2 = $$.getY($$.subYMin, $$.subYMax, forInit ? undefined : $$.subY2.domain());
        // update axes
        $$.xAxisTickFormat = $$.getXAxisTickFormat();
        $$.xAxisTickValues = config.axis_x_tick_values ? config.axis_x_tick_values : (forInit ? undefined : $$.xAxis.tickValues());
        $$.xAxis = $$.getXAxis($$.x, $$.xOrient, $$.xAxisTickFormat, $$.xAxisTickValues);
        $$.subXAxis = $$.getXAxis($$.subX, $$.subXOrient, $$.xAxisTickFormat, $$.xAxisTickValues);
        $$.yAxis = $$.getYAxis($$.y, $$.yOrient, config.axis_y_tick_format, config.axis_y_ticks);
        $$.y2Axis = $$.getYAxis($$.y2, $$.y2Orient, config.axis_y2_tick_format, config.axis_y2_ticks);
        // Set initialized scales to brush and zoom
        if (!forInit) {
            if ($$.brush) { $$.brush.scale($$.subX); }
            if (config.zoom_enabled) { $$.zoom.scale($$.x); }
        }
        // update for arc
        if ($$.updateArc) { $$.updateArc(); }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYDomainMin = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            ids = $$.mapToIds(targets), ys = $$.getValuesAsIdKeyed(targets),
            j, k, baseId, idsInGroup, id, hasNegativeValue;
        if (config.data_groups.length > 0) {
            hasNegativeValue = $$.hasNegativeValueInTargets(targets);
            for (j = 0; j < config.data_groups.length; j++) {
                // Determine baseId
                idsInGroup = config.data_groups[j].filter(function (id) { return ids.indexOf(id) >= 0; });
                if (idsInGroup.length === 0) { continue; }
                baseId = idsInGroup[0];
                // Consider negative values
                if (hasNegativeValue && ys[baseId]) {
                    ys[baseId].forEach(function (v, i) {
                        ys[baseId][i] = v < 0 ? v : 0;
                    });
                }
                // Compute min
                for (k = 1; k < idsInGroup.length; k++) {
                    id = idsInGroup[k];
                    if (! ys[id]) { continue; }
                    ys[id].forEach(function (v, i) {
                        if ($$.getAxisId(id) === $$.getAxisId(baseId) && ys[baseId] && !(hasNegativeValue && +v > 0)) {
                            ys[baseId][i] += +v;
                        }
                    });
                }
            }
        }
        return $$.d3.min(Object.keys(ys).map(function (key) { return $$.d3.min(ys[key]); }));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYDomainMax = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            ids = $$.mapToIds(targets), ys = $$.getValuesAsIdKeyed(targets),
            j, k, baseId, idsInGroup, id, hasPositiveValue;
        if (config.data_groups.length > 0) {
            hasPositiveValue = $$.hasPositiveValueInTargets(targets);
            for (j = 0; j < config.data_groups.length; j++) {
                // Determine baseId
                idsInGroup = config.data_groups[j].filter(function (id) { return ids.indexOf(id) >= 0; });
                if (idsInGroup.length === 0) { continue; }
                baseId = idsInGroup[0];
                // Consider positive values
                if (hasPositiveValue && ys[baseId]) {
                    ys[baseId].forEach(function (v, i) {
                        ys[baseId][i] = v > 0 ? v : 0;
                    });
                }
                // Compute max
                for (k = 1; k < idsInGroup.length; k++) {
                    id = idsInGroup[k];
                    if (! ys[id]) { continue; }
                    ys[id].forEach(function (v, i) {
                        if ($$.getAxisId(id) === $$.getAxisId(baseId) && ys[baseId] && !(hasPositiveValue && +v < 0)) {
                            ys[baseId][i] += +v;
                        }
                    });
                }
            }
        }
        return $$.d3.max(Object.keys(ys).map(function (key) { return $$.d3.max(ys[key]); }));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYDomain = function (targets, axisId) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            yTargets = targets.filter(function (d) { return $$.getAxisId(d.id) === axisId; }),
            yMin = axisId === 'y2' ? config.axis_y2_min : config.axis_y_min,
            yMax = axisId === 'y2' ? config.axis_y2_max : config.axis_y_max,
            yDomainMin = isValue(yMin) ? yMin : $$.getYDomainMin(yTargets),
            yDomainMax = isValue(yMax) ? yMax : $$.getYDomainMax(yTargets),
            domainLength, padding, padding_top, padding_bottom,
            center = axisId === 'y2' ? config.axis_y2_center : config.axis_y_center,
            yDomainAbs, lengths, diff, ratio, isAllPositive, isAllNegative,
            isZeroBased = ($$.hasType('bar', yTargets) && config.bar_zerobased) || ($$.hasType('area', yTargets) && config.area_zerobased),
            showHorizontalDataLabel = $$.hasDataLabel() && config.axis_rotated,
            showVerticalDataLabel = $$.hasDataLabel() && !config.axis_rotated;
        if (yTargets.length === 0) { // use current domain if target of axisId is none
            return axisId === 'y2' ? $$.y2.domain() : $$.y.domain();
        }
        if (yDomainMin === yDomainMax) {
            yDomainMin < 0 ? yDomainMax = 0 : yDomainMin = 0;
        }
        isAllPositive = yDomainMin >= 0 && yDomainMax >= 0;
        isAllNegative = yDomainMin <= 0 && yDomainMax <= 0;

        // Bar/Area chart should be 0-based if all positive|negative
        if (isZeroBased) {
            if (isAllPositive) { yDomainMin = 0; }
            if (isAllNegative) { yDomainMax = 0; }
        }

        domainLength = Math.abs(yDomainMax - yDomainMin);
        padding = padding_top = padding_bottom = domainLength * 0.1;

        if (center) {
            yDomainAbs = Math.max(Math.abs(yDomainMin), Math.abs(yDomainMax));
            yDomainMax = yDomainAbs - center;
            yDomainMin = center - yDomainAbs;
        }
        // add padding for data label
        if (showHorizontalDataLabel) {
            lengths = $$.getDataLabelLength(yDomainMin, yDomainMax, axisId, 'width');
            diff = diffDomain($$.y.range());
            ratio = [lengths[0] / diff, lengths[1] / diff];
            padding_top += domainLength * (ratio[1] / (1 - ratio[0] - ratio[1]));
            padding_bottom += domainLength * (ratio[0] / (1 - ratio[0] - ratio[1]));
        } else if (showVerticalDataLabel) {
            lengths = $$.getDataLabelLength(yDomainMin, yDomainMax, axisId, 'height');
            padding_top += lengths[1];
            padding_bottom += lengths[0];
        }
        if (axisId === 'y' && config.axis_y_padding) {
            padding_top = $$.getAxisPadding(config.axis_y_padding, 'top', padding, domainLength);
            padding_bottom = $$.getAxisPadding(config.axis_y_padding, 'bottom', padding, domainLength);
        }
        if (axisId === 'y2' && config.axis_y2_padding) {
            padding_top = $$.getAxisPadding(config.axis_y2_padding, 'top', padding, domainLength);
            padding_bottom = $$.getAxisPadding(config.axis_y2_padding, 'bottom', padding, domainLength);
        }
        // Bar/Area chart should be 0-based if all positive|negative
        if (isZeroBased) {
            if (isAllPositive) { padding_bottom = yDomainMin; }
            if (isAllNegative) { padding_top = -yDomainMax; }
        }
        return [yDomainMin - padding_bottom, yDomainMax + padding_top];
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXDomainMin = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.axis_x_min ?
            ($$.isTimeSeries() ? this.parseDate(config.axis_x_min) : config.axis_x_min) :
        $$.d3.min(targets, function (t) { return $$.d3.min(t.values, function (v) { return v.x; }); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXDomainMax = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.axis_x_max ?
            ($$.isTimeSeries() ? this.parseDate(config.axis_x_max) : config.axis_x_max) :
        $$.d3.max(targets, function (t) { return $$.d3.max(t.values, function (v) { return v.x; }); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXDomainPadding = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            edgeX = this.getEdgeX(targets), diff = edgeX[1] - edgeX[0],
            maxDataCount, padding, paddingLeft, paddingRight;
        if ($$.isCategorized()) {
            padding = 0;
        } else if ($$.hasType('bar', targets)) {
            maxDataCount = $$.getMaxDataCount();
            padding = maxDataCount > 1 ? (diff / (maxDataCount - 1)) / 2 : 0.5;
        } else {
            padding = diff * 0.01;
        }
        if (typeof config.axis_x_padding === 'object' && notEmpty(config.axis_x_padding)) {
            paddingLeft = isValue(config.axis_x_padding.left) ? config.axis_x_padding.left : padding;
            paddingRight = isValue(config.axis_x_padding.right) ? config.axis_x_padding.right : padding;
        } else if (typeof config.axis_x_padding === 'number') {
            paddingLeft = paddingRight = config.axis_x_padding;
        } else {
            paddingLeft = paddingRight = padding;
        }
        return {left: paddingLeft, right: paddingRight};
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXDomain = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this,
            xDomain = [$$.getXDomainMin(targets), $$.getXDomainMax(targets)],
            firstX = xDomain[0], lastX = xDomain[1],
            padding = $$.getXDomainPadding(targets),
            min = 0, max = 0;
        // show center of x domain if min and max are the same
        if ((firstX - lastX) === 0 && !$$.isCategorized()) {
            firstX = $$.isTimeSeries() ? new Date(firstX.getTime() * 0.5) : -0.5;
            lastX = $$.isTimeSeries() ? new Date(lastX.getTime() * 1.5) : 0.5;
        }
        if (firstX || firstX === 0) {
            min = $$.isTimeSeries() ? new Date(firstX.getTime() - padding.left) : firstX - padding.left;
        }
        if (lastX || lastX === 0) {
            max = $$.isTimeSeries() ? new Date(lastX.getTime() + padding.right) : lastX + padding.right;
        }
        return [min, max];
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateXDomain = function (targets, withUpdateXDomain, withUpdateOrgXDomain, domain) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if (withUpdateOrgXDomain) {
            $$.x.domain(domain ? domain : $$.d3.extent($$.getXDomain(targets)));
            $$.orgXDomain = $$.x.domain();
            if (config.zoom_enabled) { $$.zoom.scale($$.x).updateScaleExtent(); }
            $$.subX.domain($$.x.domain());
            if ($$.brush) { $$.brush.scale($$.subX); }
        }
        if (withUpdateXDomain) {
            $$.x.domain(domain ? domain : (!$$.brush || $$.brush.empty()) ? $$.orgXDomain : $$.brush.extent());
            if (config.zoom_enabled) { $$.zoom.scale($$.x).updateScaleExtent(); }
        }
        return $$.x.domain();
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.isX = function (key) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return (config.data_x && key === config.data_x) || (notEmpty(config.data_xs) && hasValue(config.data_xs, key));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isNotX = function (key) {
        return !this.isX(key);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXKey = function (id) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.data_x ? config.data_x : notEmpty(config.data_xs) ? config.data_xs[id] : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXValuesOfXKey = function (key, targets) {
        var $$ = this,
            xValues, ids = targets && notEmpty(targets) ? $$.mapToIds(targets) : [];
        ids.forEach(function (id) {
            if ($$.getXKey(id) === key) {
                xValues = $$.data.xs[id];
            }
        });
        return xValues;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXValue = function (id, i) {
        var $$ = this;
        return id in $$.data.xs && $$.data.xs[id] && isValue($$.data.xs[id][i]) ? $$.data.xs[id][i] : i;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getOtherTargetXs = function () {
        var $$ = this,
            idsForX = Object.keys($$.data.xs);
        return idsForX.length ? $$.data.xs[idsForX[0]] : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getOtherTargetX = function (index) {
        var xs = this.getOtherTargetXs();
        return xs && index < xs.length ? xs[index] : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addXs = function (xs) {
        var $$ = this;
        Object.keys(xs).forEach(function (id) {
            $$.config.data_xs[id] = xs[id];
        });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasMultipleX = function (xs) {
        return this.d3.set(Object.keys(xs).map(function (id) { return xs[id]; })).size() > 1;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isMultipleX = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return notEmpty(config.data_xs) && $$.hasMultipleX(config.data_xs);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addName = function (data) {
        var $$ = this, name;
        if (data) {
            name = $$.config.data_names[data.id];
            data.name = name ? name : data.id;
        }
        return data;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getValueOnIndex = function (values, index) {
        var valueOnIndex = values.filter(function (v) { return v.index === index; });
        return valueOnIndex.length ? valueOnIndex[0] : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetX = function (targets, x) {
        var $$ = this;
        targets.forEach(function (t) {
            t.values.forEach(function (v, i) {
                v.x = $$.generateTargetX(x[i], t.id, i);
            });
            $$.data.xs[t.id] = x;
        });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetXs = function (targets, xs) {
        var $$ = this;
        targets.forEach(function (t) {
            if (xs[t.id]) {
                $$.updateTargetX([t], xs[t.id]);
            }
        });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateTargetX = function (rawX, id, index) {
        var $$ = this, x;
        if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
            x = rawX ? $$.parseDate(rawX) : $$.parseDate($$.getXValue(id, index));
        }
        else if ($$.isCustomX() && !$$.isCategorized()) {
            x = isValue(rawX) ? +rawX : $$.getXValue(id, index);
        }
        else {
            x = index;
        }
        return x;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.cloneTarget = function (target) {
        return {
            id : target.id,
            id_org : target.id_org,
            values : target.values.map(function (d) {
                return {x: d.x, value: d.value, id: d.id};
            })
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getPrevX = function (i) {
        var $$ = this, value = $$.getValueOnIndex($$.data.targets[0].values, i - 1);
        return value ? value.x : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getNextX = function (i) {
        var $$ = this, value = $$.getValueOnIndex($$.data.targets[0].values, i + 1);
        return value ? value.x : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getMaxDataCount = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.d3.max($$.data.targets, function (t) { return t.values.length; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getMaxDataCountTarget = function (targets) {
        var length = targets.length, max = 0, maxTarget;
        if (length > 1) {
            targets.forEach(function (t) {
                if (t.values.length > max) {
                    maxTarget = t;
                    max = t.values.length;
                }
            });
        } else {
            maxTarget = length ? targets[0] : null;
        }
        return maxTarget;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getEdgeX = function (targets) {
        var target = this.getMaxDataCountTarget(targets), firstData, lastData;
        if (!target) {
            return [0, 0];
        }
        firstData = target.values[0], lastData = target.values[target.values.length - 1];
        return [firstData.x, lastData.x];
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.mapToIds = function (targets) {
        return targets.map(function (d) { return d.id; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.mapToTargetIds = function (ids) {
        var $$ = this;
        return ids ? (isString(ids) ? [ids] : ids) : $$.mapToIds($$.data.targets);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasTarget = function (targets, id) {
        var ids = this.mapToIds(targets), i;
        for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            if (ids[i] === id) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isTargetToShow = function (targetId) {
        return this.hiddenTargetIds.indexOf(targetId) < 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isLegendToShow = function (targetId) {
        return this.hiddenLegendIds.indexOf(targetId) < 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.filterTargetsToShow = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this;
        return targets.filter(function (t) { return $$.isTargetToShow(t.id); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.mapTargetsToUniqueXs = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this;
        var xs = $$.d3.set($$.d3.merge(targets.map(function (t) { return t.values.map(function (v) { return v.x; }); }))).values();
        return $$.isTimeSeries() ? xs.map(function (x) { return new Date(x); }) : xs.map(function (x) { return +x; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addHiddenTargetIds = function (targetIds) {
        this.hiddenTargetIds = this.hiddenTargetIds.concat(targetIds);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.removeHiddenTargetIds = function (targetIds) {
        this.hiddenTargetIds = this.hiddenTargetIds.filter(function (id) { return targetIds.indexOf(id) < 0; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addHiddenLegendIds = function (targetIds) {
        this.hiddenLegendIds = this.hiddenLegendIds.concat(targetIds);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.removeHiddenLegendIds = function (targetIds) {
        this.hiddenLegendIds = this.hiddenLegendIds.filter(function (id) { return targetIds.indexOf(id) < 0; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getValuesAsIdKeyed = function (targets) {
        var ys = {};
        targets.forEach(function (t) {
            ys[t.id] = [];
            t.values.forEach(function (v) {
                ys[t.id].push(v.value);
            });
        });
        return ys;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.checkValueInTargets = function (targets, checker) {
        var ids = Object.keys(targets), i, j, values;
        for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            values = targets[ids[i]].values;
            for (j = 0; j < values.length; j++) {
                if (checker(values[j].value)) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasNegativeValueInTargets = function (targets) {
        return this.checkValueInTargets(targets, function (v) { return v < 0; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasPositiveValueInTargets = function (targets) {
        return this.checkValueInTargets(targets, function (v) { return v > 0; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isOrderDesc = function () {
        var config = this.config;
        return config.data_order && config.data_order.toLowerCase() === 'desc';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isOrderAsc = function () {
        var config = this.config;
        return config.data_order && config.data_order.toLowerCase() === 'asc';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.orderTargets = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, orderAsc = $$.isOrderAsc(), orderDesc = $$.isOrderDesc();
        if (orderAsc || orderDesc) {
            targets.sort(function (t1, t2) {
                var reducer = function (p, c) { return p + Math.abs(c.value); };
                var t1Sum = t1.values.reduce(reducer, 0),
                    t2Sum = t2.values.reduce(reducer, 0);
                return orderAsc ? t2Sum - t1Sum : t1Sum - t2Sum;
            });
        } else if (isFunction(config.data_order)) {
            targets.sort(config.data_order);
        } // TODO: accept name array for order
        return targets;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.filterSameX = function (targets, x) {
        return this.d3.merge(targets.map(function (t) { return t.values; })).filter(function (v) { return v.x - x === 0; });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.filterRemoveNull = function (data) {
        return data.filter(function (d) { return isValue(d.value); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasDataLabel = function () {
        var config = this.config;
        if (typeof config.data_labels === 'boolean' && config.data_labels) {
            return true;
        } else if (typeof config.data_labels === 'object' && notEmpty(config.data_labels)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getDataLabelLength = function (min, max, axisId, key) {
        var $$ = this,
            lengths = [0, 0], paddingCoef = 1.3;
        $$.selectChart.select('svg').selectAll('.dummy')
            .data([min, max])
            .enter().append('text')
            .text(function (d) { return $$.formatByAxisId(axisId)(d); })
            .each(function (d, i) {
                lengths[i] = this.getBoundingClientRect()[key] * paddingCoef;
            })
            .remove();
        return lengths;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isNoneArc = function (d) {
        return this.hasTarget(this.data.targets, d.id);
    },
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isArc = function (d) {
        return 'data' in d && this.hasTarget(this.data.targets, d.data.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.findSameXOfValues = function (values, index) {
        var i, targetX = values[index].x, sames = [];
        for (i = index - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (targetX !== values[i].x) { break; }
            sames.push(values[i]);
        }
        for (i = index; i < values.length; i++) {
            if (targetX !== values[i].x) { break; }
            sames.push(values[i]);
        }
        return sames;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.findClosestOfValues = function (values, pos, _min, _max) { // MEMO: values must be sorted by x
        var $$ = this,
            min = _min ? _min : 0,
            max = _max ? _max : values.length - 1,
            med = Math.floor((max - min) / 2) + min,
            value = values[med],
            diff = $$.x(value.x) - pos[$$.config.axis_rotated ? 1 : 0],
            candidates;

        // Update range for search
        diff > 0 ? max = med : min = med;

        // if candidates are two closest min and max, stop recursive call
        if ((max - min) === 1 || (min === 0 && max === 0)) {

            // Get candidates that has same min and max index
            candidates = [];
            if (values[min].x || values[min].x === 0) {
                candidates = candidates.concat($$.findSameXOfValues(values, min));
            }
            if (values[max].x || values[max].x === 0) {
                candidates = candidates.concat($$.findSameXOfValues(values, max));
            }

            // Determine the closest and return
            return $$.findClosest(candidates, pos);
        }

        return $$.findClosestOfValues(values, pos, min, max);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.findClosestFromTargets = function (targets, pos) {
        var $$ = this, candidates;

        // map to array of closest points of each target
        candidates = targets.map(function (target) {
            return $$.findClosestOfValues(target.values, pos);
        });

        // decide closest point and return
        return $$.findClosest(candidates, pos);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.findClosest = function (values, pos) {
        var $$ = this, minDist, closest;
        values.forEach(function (v) {
            var d = $$.dist(v, pos);
            if (d < minDist || ! minDist) {
                minDist = d;
                closest = v;
            }
        });
        return closest;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dist = function (data, pos) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            yScale = $$.getAxisId(data.id) === 'y' ? $$.y : $$.y2,
            xIndex = config.axis_rotated ? 1 : 0,
            yIndex = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : 1;
        return Math.pow($$.x(data.x) - pos[xIndex], 2) + Math.pow(yScale(data.value) - pos[yIndex], 2);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertUrlToData = function (url, mimeType, keys, done) {
        var $$ = this, type = mimeType ? mimeType : 'csv';
        $$.d3.xhr(url, function (error, data) {
            var d;
            if (type === 'json') {
                d = $$.convertJsonToData(JSON.parse(data.response), keys);
            } else {
                d = $$.convertCsvToData(data.response);
            }
            done.call($$, d);
        });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertCsvToData = function (csv) {
        var d3 = this.d3, rows = d3.csv.parseRows(csv), d;
        if (rows.length === 1) {
            d = [{}];
            rows[0].forEach(function (id) {
                d[0][id] = null;
            });
        } else {
            d = d3.csv.parse(csv);
        }
        return d;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertJsonToData = function (json, keys) {
        var $$ = this,
            new_rows = [], targetKeys, data;
        if (keys) { // when keys specified, json would be an array that includes objects
            targetKeys = keys.value;
            if (keys.x) {
                targetKeys.push(keys.x);
                $$.config.data_x = keys.x;
            }
            new_rows.push(targetKeys);
            json.forEach(function (o) {
                var new_row = [];
                targetKeys.forEach(function (key) {
                    // convert undefined to null because undefined data will be removed in convertDataToTargets()
                    var v = isUndefined(o[key]) ? null : o[key];
                    new_row.push(v);
                });
                new_rows.push(new_row);
            });
            data = $$.convertRowsToData(new_rows);
        } else {
            Object.keys(json).forEach(function (key) {
                new_rows.push([key].concat(json[key]));
            });
            data = $$.convertColumnsToData(new_rows);
        }
        return data;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertRowsToData = function (rows) {
        var keys = rows[0], new_row = {}, new_rows = [], i, j;
        for (i = 1; i < rows.length; i++) {
            new_row = {};
            for (j = 0; j < rows[i].length; j++) {
                if (isUndefined(rows[i][j])) {
                    throw new Error("Source data is missing a component at (" + i + "," + j + ")!");
                }
                new_row[keys[j]] = rows[i][j];
            }
            new_rows.push(new_row);
        }
        return new_rows;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertColumnsToData = function (columns) {
        var new_rows = [], i, j, key;
        for (i = 0; i < columns.length; i++) {
            key = columns[i][0];
            for (j = 1; j < columns[i].length; j++) {
                if (isUndefined(new_rows[j - 1])) {
                    new_rows[j - 1] = {};
                }
                if (isUndefined(columns[i][j])) {
                    throw new Error("Source data is missing a component at (" + i + "," + j + ")!");
                }
                new_rows[j - 1][key] = columns[i][j];
            }
        }
        return new_rows;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertDataToTargets = function (data, appendXs) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            ids = $$.d3.keys(data[0]).filter($$.isNotX, $$),
            xs = $$.d3.keys(data[0]).filter($$.isX, $$),
            targets;

        // save x for update data by load when custom x and c3.x API
        ids.forEach(function (id) {
            var xKey = $$.getXKey(id);

            if ($$.isCustomX() || $$.isTimeSeries()) {
                // if included in input data
                if (xs.indexOf(xKey) >= 0) {
                    $$.data.xs[id] = (appendXs && $$.data.xs[id] ? $$.data.xs[id] : []).concat(
                        data.map(function (d) { return d[xKey]; })
                            .filter(isValue)
                            .map(function (rawX, i) { return $$.generateTargetX(rawX, id, i); })
                    );
                }
                // if not included in input data, find from preloaded data of other id's x
                else if (config.data_x) {
                    $$.data.xs[id] = $$.getOtherTargetXs();
                }
                // if not included in input data, find from preloaded data
                else if (notEmpty(config.data_xs)) {
                    $$.data.xs[id] = $$.getXValuesOfXKey(xKey, $$.data.targets);
                }
                // MEMO: if no x included, use same x of current will be used
            } else {
                $$.data.xs[id] = data.map(function (d, i) { return i; });
            }
        });


        // check x is defined
        ids.forEach(function (id) {
            if (!$$.data.xs[id]) {
                throw new Error('x is not defined for id = "' + id + '".');
            }
        });

        // convert to target
        targets = ids.map(function (id, index) {
            var convertedId = config.data_idConverter(id);
            return {
                id: convertedId,
                id_org: id,
                values: data.map(function (d, i) {
                    var xKey = $$.getXKey(id), rawX = d[xKey], x = $$.generateTargetX(rawX, id, i);
                    // use x as categories if custom x and categorized
                    if ($$.isCustomX() && $$.isCategorized() && index === 0 && rawX) {
                        if (i === 0) { config.axis_x_categories = []; }
                        config.axis_x_categories.push(rawX);
                    }
                    // mark as x = undefined if value is undefined and filter to remove after mapped
                    if (isUndefined(d[id]) || $$.data.xs[id].length <= i) {
                        x = undefined;
                    }
                    return {x: x, value: d[id] !== null && !isNaN(d[id]) ? +d[id] : null, id: convertedId};
                }).filter(function (v) { return isDefined(v.x); })
            };
        });

        // finish targets
        targets.forEach(function (t) {
            var i;
            // sort values by its x
            t.values = t.values.sort(function (v1, v2) {
                var x1 = v1.x || v1.x === 0 ? v1.x : Infinity,
                    x2 = v2.x || v2.x === 0 ? v2.x : Infinity;
                return x1 - x2;
            });
            // indexing each value
            i = 0;
            t.values.forEach(function (v) {
                v.index = i++;
            });
            // this needs to be sorted because its index and value.index is identical
            $$.data.xs[t.id].sort(function (v1, v2) {
                return v1 - v2;
            });
        });

        // set target types
        if (config.data_type) {
            $$.setTargetType($$.mapToIds(targets).filter(function (id) { return ! (id in config.data_types); }), config.data_type);
        }

        // cache as original id keyed
        targets.forEach(function (d) {
            $$.addCache(d.id_org, d);
        });

        return targets;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.load = function (targets, args) {
        var $$ = this;
        if (targets) {
            // filter loading targets if needed
            if (args.filter) {
                targets = targets.filter(args.filter);
            }
            // set type if args.types || args.type specified
            if (args.type || args.types) {
                targets.forEach(function (t) {
                    $$.setTargetType(t.id, args.types ? args.types[t.id] : args.type);
                });
            }
            // Update/Add data
            $$.data.targets.forEach(function (d) {
                for (var i = 0; i < targets.length; i++) {
                    if (d.id === targets[i].id) {
                        d.values = targets[i].values;
                        targets.splice(i, 1);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            });
            $$.data.targets = $$.data.targets.concat(targets); // add remained
        }

        // Set targets
        $$.updateTargets($$.data.targets);

        // Redraw with new targets
        $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true, withLegend: true});

        if (args.done) { args.done(); }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.loadFromArgs = function (args) {
        var $$ = this;
        if (args.data) {
            $$.load($$.convertDataToTargets(args.data), args);
        }
        else if (args.url) {
            $$.convertUrlToData(args.url, args.mimeType, args.keys, function (data) {
                $$.load($$.convertDataToTargets(data), args);
            });
        }
        else if (args.json) {
            $$.load($$.convertDataToTargets($$.convertJsonToData(args.json, args.keys)), args);
        }
        else if (args.rows) {
            $$.load($$.convertDataToTargets($$.convertRowsToData(args.rows)), args);
        }
        else if (args.columns) {
            $$.load($$.convertDataToTargets($$.convertColumnsToData(args.columns)), args);
        }
        else {
            $$.load(null, args);
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.unload = function (targetIds, done) {
        var $$ = this;
        if (!done) {
            done = function () {};
        }
        // filter existing target
        targetIds = targetIds.filter(function (id) { return $$.hasTarget($$.data.targets, id); });
        // If no target, call done and return
        if (!targetIds || targetIds.length === 0) {
            done();
            return;
        }
        $$.svg.selectAll(targetIds.map(function (id) { return $$.selectorTarget(id); }))
            .transition()
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove()
            .call($$.endall, done);
        targetIds.forEach(function (id) {
            // Reset fadein for future load
            $$.withoutFadeIn[id] = false;
            // Remove target's elements
            if ($$.legend) {
                $$.legend.selectAll('.' + CLASS.legendItem + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(id)).remove();
            }
            // Remove target
            $$.data.targets = $$.data.targets.filter(function (t) {
                return t.id !== id;
            });
        });
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.categoryName = function (i) {
        var config = this.config;
        return i < config.axis_x_categories.length ? config.axis_x_categories[i] : i;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initEventRect = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.eventRects)
            .style('fill-opacity', 0);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawEventRect = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            eventRectUpdate, maxDataCountTarget,
            isMultipleX = $$.isMultipleX();

        // rects for mouseover
        var eventRects = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.eventRects)
                .style('cursor', config.zoom_enabled ? config.axis_rotated ? 'ns-resize' : 'ew-resize' : null)
                .classed(CLASS.eventRectsMultiple, isMultipleX)
                .classed(CLASS.eventRectsSingle, !isMultipleX);

        // clear old rects
        eventRects.selectAll('.' + CLASS.eventRect).remove();

        // open as public variable
        $$.eventRect = eventRects.selectAll('.' + CLASS.eventRect);

        if (isMultipleX) {
            eventRectUpdate = $$.eventRect.data([0]);
            // enter : only one rect will be added
            $$.generateEventRectsForMultipleXs(eventRectUpdate.enter());
            // update
            $$.updateEventRect(eventRectUpdate);
            // exit : not needed because always only one rect exists
        }
        else {
            // Set data and update $$.eventRect
            maxDataCountTarget = $$.getMaxDataCountTarget($$.data.targets);
            eventRects.datum(maxDataCountTarget ? maxDataCountTarget.values : []);
            $$.eventRect = eventRects.selectAll('.' + CLASS.eventRect);
            eventRectUpdate = $$.eventRect.data(function (d) { return d; });
            // enter
            $$.generateEventRectsForSingleX(eventRectUpdate.enter());
            // update
            $$.updateEventRect(eventRectUpdate);
            // exit
            eventRectUpdate.exit().remove();
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateEventRect = function (eventRectUpdate) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            x, y, w, h, rectW, rectX;

        // set update selection if null
        eventRectUpdate = eventRectUpdate || $$.eventRect.data(function (d) { return d; });

        if ($$.isMultipleX()) {
            // TODO: rotated not supported yet
            x = 0;
            y = 0;
            w = $$.width;
            h = $$.height;
        }
        else {
            if (($$.isCustomX() || $$.isTimeSeries()) && !$$.isCategorized()) {
                rectW = function (d) {
                    var prevX = $$.getPrevX(d.index), nextX = $$.getNextX(d.index), dx = $$.data.xs[d.id][d.index],
                        w = ($$.x(nextX ? nextX : dx) - $$.x(prevX ? prevX : dx)) / 2;
                    return w < 0 ? 0 : w;
                };
                rectX = function (d) {
                    var prevX = $$.getPrevX(d.index), dx = $$.data.xs[d.id][d.index];
                    return ($$.x(dx) + $$.x(prevX ? prevX : dx)) / 2;
                };
            } else {
                rectW = $$.getEventRectWidth();
                rectX = function (d) {
                    return $$.x(d.x) - (rectW / 2);
                };
            }
            x = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : rectX;
            y = config.axis_rotated ? rectX : 0;
            w = config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : rectW;
            h = config.axis_rotated ? rectW : $$.height;
        }

        eventRectUpdate
            .attr('class', $$.classEvent.bind($$))
            .attr("x", x)
            .attr("y", y)
            .attr("width", w)
            .attr("height", h);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateEventRectsForSingleX = function (eventRectEnter) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        eventRectEnter.append("rect")
            .attr("class", $$.classEvent.bind($$))
            .style("cursor", config.data_selection_enabled && config.data_selection_grouped ? "pointer" : null)
            .on('mouseover', function (d) {
                var index = d.index, selectedData, newData;

                if ($$.dragging) { return; } // do nothing if dragging
                if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }

                selectedData = $$.data.targets.map(function (t) {
                    return $$.addName($$.getValueOnIndex(t.values, index));
                });

                // Sort selectedData as names order
                newData = [];
                Object.keys(config.data_names).forEach(function (id) {
                    for (var j = 0; j < selectedData.length; j++) {
                        if (selectedData[j] && selectedData[j].id === id) {
                            newData.push(selectedData[j]);
                            selectedData.shift(j);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                });
                selectedData = newData.concat(selectedData); // Add remained

                // Expand shapes for selection
                if (config.point_focus_expand_enabled) { $$.expandCircles(index); }
                $$.expandBars(index);

                // Call event handler
                $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape + '-' + index).each(function (d) {
                    config.data_onmouseover.call($$, d);
                });
            })
            .on('mouseout', function (d) {
                var index = d.index;
                if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }
                $$.hideXGridFocus();
                $$.hideTooltip();
                // Undo expanded shapes
                $$.unexpandCircles(index);
                $$.unexpandBars();
                // Call event handler
                $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape + '-' + index).each(function (d) {
                    config.data_onmouseout.call($$, d);
                });
            })
            .on('mousemove', function (d) {
                var selectedData, index = d.index,
                    eventRect = $$.svg.select('.' + CLASS.eventRect + '-' + index);

                if ($$.dragging) { return; } // do nothing when dragging
                if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }

                // Show tooltip
                selectedData = $$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets).map(function (t) {
                    return $$.addName($$.getValueOnIndex(t.values, index));
                });

                if (config.tooltip_grouped) {
                    $$.showTooltip(selectedData, d3.mouse(this));
                    $$.showXGridFocus(selectedData);
                }

                if (config.tooltip_grouped && (!config.data_selection_enabled || config.data_selection_grouped)) {
                    return;
                }

                $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape + '-' + index)
                    .each(function () {
                        d3.select(this).classed(CLASS.EXPANDED, true);
                        if (config.data_selection_enabled) {
                            eventRect.style('cursor', config.data_selection_grouped ? 'pointer' : null);
                        }
                        if (!config.tooltip_grouped) {
                            $$.hideXGridFocus();
                            $$.hideTooltip();
                            if (!config.data_selection_grouped) {
                                $$.unexpandCircles(index);
                                $$.unexpandBars();
                            }
                        }
                    })
                    .filter(function (d) {
                        if (this.nodeName === 'circle') {
                            return $$.isWithinCircle(this, $$.pointSelectR(d));
                        }
                        else if (this.nodeName === 'path') {
                            return $$.isWithinBar(this);
                        }
                    })
                    .each(function (d) {
                        if (config.data_selection_enabled && (config.data_selection_grouped || config.data_selection_isselectable(d))) {
                            eventRect.style('cursor', 'pointer');
                        }
                        if (!config.tooltip_grouped) {
                            $$.showTooltip([d], d3.mouse(this));
                            $$.showXGridFocus([d]);
                            if (config.point_focus_expand_enabled) { $$.expandCircles(index, d.id); }
                            $$.expandBars(index, d.id);
                        }
                    });
            })
            .on('click', function (d) {
                var index = d.index;
                if ($$.hasArcType() || !$$.toggleShape) { return; }
                if ($$.cancelClick) {
                    $$.cancelClick = false;
                    return;
                }
                $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape + '-' + index).each(function (d) {
                    $$.toggleShape(this, d, index);
                });
            })
            .call(
                d3.behavior.drag().origin(Object)
                    .on('drag', function () { $$.drag(d3.mouse(this)); })
                    .on('dragstart', function () { $$.dragstart(d3.mouse(this)); })
                    .on('dragend', function () { $$.dragend(); })
            )
            .on("dblclick.zoom", null);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateEventRectsForMultipleXs = function (eventRectEnter) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        eventRectEnter.append('rect')
            .attr('x', 0)
            .attr('y', 0)
            .attr('width', $$.width)
            .attr('height', $$.height)
            .attr('class', CLASS.eventRect)
            .on('mouseout', function () {
                if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }
                $$.hideXGridFocus();
                $$.hideTooltip();
                $$.unexpandCircles();
            })
            .on('mousemove', function () {
                var targetsToShow = $$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets);
                var mouse, closest, sameXData, selectedData;

                if ($$.dragging) { return; } // do nothing when dragging
                if ($$.hasArcType(targetsToShow)) { return; }

                mouse = d3.mouse(this);
                closest = $$.findClosestFromTargets(targetsToShow, mouse);

                if (! closest) { return; }

                if ($$.isScatterType(closest)) {
                    sameXData = [closest];
                } else {
                    sameXData = $$.filterSameX(targetsToShow, closest.x);
                }

                // show tooltip when cursor is close to some point
                selectedData = sameXData.map(function (d) {
                    return $$.addName(d);
                });
                $$.showTooltip(selectedData, mouse);

                // expand points
                if (config.point_focus_expand_enabled) {
                    $$.unexpandCircles();
                    $$.expandCircles(closest.index, closest.id);
                }

                // Show xgrid focus line
                $$.showXGridFocus(selectedData);

                // Show cursor as pointer if point is close to mouse position
                if ($$.dist(closest, mouse) < 100) {
                    $$.svg.select('.' + CLASS.eventRect).style('cursor', 'pointer');
                    if (!$$.mouseover) {
                        config.data_onmouseover.call($$, closest);
                        $$.mouseover = true;
                    }
                } else if ($$.mouseover) {
                    $$.svg.select('.' + CLASS.eventRect).style('cursor', null);
                    config.data_onmouseout.call($$, closest);
                    $$.mouseover = false;
                }
            })
            .on('click', function () {
                var targetsToShow = $$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets);
                var mouse, closest;

                if ($$.hasArcType(targetsToShow)) { return; }

                mouse = d3.mouse(this);
                closest = $$.findClosestFromTargets(targetsToShow, mouse);

                if (! closest) { return; }

                // select if selection enabled
                if ($$.dist(closest, mouse) < 100 && $$.toggleShape) {
                    $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.circles + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(closest.id)).select('.' + CLASS.circle + '-' + closest.index).each(function () {
                        $$.toggleShape(this, closest, closest.index);
                    });
                }
            })
            .call(
                d3.behavior.drag().origin(Object)
                    .on('drag', function () { $$.drag(d3.mouse(this)); })
                    .on('dragstart', function () { $$.dragstart(d3.mouse(this)); })
                    .on('dragend', function () { $$.dragend(); })
            )
            .on("dblclick.zoom", null);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCurrentWidth = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.size_width ? config.size_width : $$.getParentWidth();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCurrentHeight = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            h = config.size_height ? config.size_height : $$.getParentHeight();
        return h > 0 ? h : 320;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCurrentPaddingTop = function () {
        var config = this.config;
        return isValue(config.padding_top) ? config.padding_top : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCurrentPaddingBottom = function () {
        var config = this.config;
        return isValue(config.padding_bottom) ? config.padding_bottom : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCurrentPaddingLeft = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if (isValue(config.padding_left)) {
            return config.padding_left;
        } else if (config.axis_rotated) {
            return !config.axis_x_show ? 1 : Math.max(ceil10($$.getAxisWidthByAxisId('x')), 40);
        } else {
            return !config.axis_y_show ? 1 : ceil10($$.getAxisWidthByAxisId('y'));
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCurrentPaddingRight = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            defaultPadding = 10, legendWidthOnRight = $$.isLegendRight ? $$.getLegendWidth() + 20 : 0;
        if (isValue(config.padding_right)) {
            return config.padding_right + 1; // 1 is needed not to hide tick line
        } else if (config.axis_rotated) {
            return defaultPadding + legendWidthOnRight;
        } else {
            return (!config.axis_y2_show ? defaultPadding : ceil10($$.getAxisWidthByAxisId('y2'))) + legendWidthOnRight;
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getParentRectValue = function (key) {
        var parent = this.selectChart.node(), v;
        while (parent && parent.tagName !== 'BODY') {
            v = parent.getBoundingClientRect()[key];
            if (v) {
                break;
            }
            parent = parent.parentNode;
        }
        return v;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getParentWidth = function () {
        return this.getParentRectValue('width');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getParentHeight = function () {
        var h = this.selectChart.style('height');
        return h.indexOf('px') > 0 ? +h.replace('px', '') : 0;
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.getSvgLeft = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            leftAxisClass = config.axis_rotated ? CLASS.axisX : CLASS.axisY,
            leftAxis = $$.main.select('.' + leftAxisClass).node(),
            svgRect = leftAxis ? leftAxis.getBoundingClientRect() : {right: 0},
            chartRect = $$.selectChart.node().getBoundingClientRect(),
            hasArc = $$.hasArcType(),
            svgLeft = svgRect.right - chartRect.left - (hasArc ? 0 : $$.getCurrentPaddingLeft());
        return svgLeft > 0 ? svgLeft : 0;
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisWidthByAxisId = function (id) {
        var $$ = this, position = $$.getAxisLabelPositionById(id);
        return position.isInner ? 20 + $$.getMaxTickWidth(id) : 40 + $$.getMaxTickWidth(id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getHorizontalAxisHeight = function (axisId) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if (axisId === 'x' && !config.axis_x_show) { return 0; }
        if (axisId === 'x' && config.axis_x_height) { return config.axis_x_height; }
        if (axisId === 'y' && !config.axis_y_show) { return config.legend_show && !$$.isLegendRight && !$$.isLegendInset ? 10 : 1; }
        if (axisId === 'y2' && !config.axis_y2_show) { return $$.rotated_padding_top; }
        return ($$.getAxisLabelPositionById(axisId).isInner ? 30 : 40) + (axisId === 'y2' ? -10 : 0);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getEventRectWidth = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        var target = $$.getMaxDataCountTarget($$.data.targets),
            firstData, lastData, base, maxDataCount, ratio, w;
        if (!target) {
            return 0;
        }
        firstData = target.values[0], lastData = target.values[target.values.length - 1];
        base = $$.x(lastData.x) - $$.x(firstData.x);
        if (base === 0) {
            return $$.config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : $$.width;
        }
        maxDataCount = $$.getMaxDataCount();
        ratio = ($$.hasType('bar') ? (maxDataCount - ($$.isCategorized() ? 0.25 : 1)) / maxDataCount : 1);
        w = maxDataCount > 1 ? (base * ratio) / (maxDataCount - 1) : base;
        return w < 1 ? 1 : w;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getShapeIndices = function (typeFilter) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            indices = {}, i = 0, j, k;
        $$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets.filter(typeFilter, $$)).forEach(function (d) {
            for (j = 0; j < config.data_groups.length; j++) {
                if (config.data_groups[j].indexOf(d.id) < 0) { continue; }
                for (k = 0; k < config.data_groups[j].length; k++) {
                    if (config.data_groups[j][k] in indices) {
                        indices[d.id] = indices[config.data_groups[j][k]];
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (isUndefined(indices[d.id])) { indices[d.id] = i++; }
        });
        indices.__max__ = i - 1;
        return indices;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getShapeX = function (offset, targetsNum, indices, isSub) {
        var $$ = this, scale = isSub ? $$.subX : $$.x;
        return function (d) {
            var index = d.id in indices ? indices[d.id] : 0;
            return d.x || d.x === 0 ? scale(d.x) - offset * (targetsNum / 2 - index) : 0;
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getShapeY = function (isSub) {
        var $$ = this;
        return function (d) {
            var scale = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale(d.id) : $$.getYScale(d.id);
            return scale(d.value);
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getShapeOffset = function (typeFilter, indices, isSub) {
        var $$ = this,
            targets = $$.orderTargets($$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets.filter(typeFilter, $$))),
            targetIds = targets.map(function (t) { return t.id; });
        return function (d, i) {
            var scale = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale(d.id) : $$.getYScale(d.id),
                y0 = scale(0), offset = y0;
            targets.forEach(function (t) {
                if (t.id === d.id || indices[t.id] !== indices[d.id]) { return; }
                if (targetIds.indexOf(t.id) < targetIds.indexOf(d.id) && t.values[i].value * d.value >= 0) {
                    offset += scale(t.values[i].value) - y0;
                }
            });
            return offset;
        };
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getInterpolate = function (d) {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.isSplineType(d) ? "cardinal" : $$.isStepType(d) ? "step-after" : "linear";
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initLine = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.chartLines);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetsForLine = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            mainLineUpdate, mainLineEnter,
            classChartLine = $$.classChartLine.bind($$),
            classLines = $$.classLines.bind($$),
            classAreas = $$.classAreas.bind($$),
            classCircles = $$.classCircles.bind($$);
        mainLineUpdate = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chartLines).selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartLine)
            .data(targets)
            .attr('class', classChartLine);
        mainLineEnter = mainLineUpdate.enter().append('g')
            .attr('class', classChartLine)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .style("pointer-events", "none");
        // Lines for each data
        mainLineEnter.append('g')
            .attr("class", classLines);
        // Areas
        mainLineEnter.append('g')
            .attr('class', classAreas);
        // Circles for each data point on lines
        mainLineEnter.append('g')
            .attr("class", function (d) { return $$.generateClass(CLASS.selectedCircles, d.id); });
        mainLineEnter.append('g')
            .attr("class", classCircles)
            .style("cursor", function (d) { return config.data_selection_isselectable(d) ? "pointer" : null; });
        // Update date for selected circles
        targets.forEach(function (t) {
            $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.selectedCircles + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(t.id)).selectAll('.' + CLASS.selectedCircle).each(function (d) {
                d.value = t.values[d.index].value;
            });
        });
        // MEMO: can not keep same color...
        //mainLineUpdate.exit().remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawLine = function (durationForExit) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.mainLine = $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.lines).selectAll('.' + CLASS.line)
            .data($$.lineData.bind($$));
        $$.mainLine.enter().append('path')
            .attr('class', $$.classLine.bind($$))
            .style("stroke", $$.color);
        $$.mainLine
            .style("opacity", $$.initialOpacity.bind($$))
            .attr('transform', null);
        $$.mainLine.exit().transition().duration(durationForExit)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForLine = function (transitions, drawLine) {
        var $$ = this;
        transitions.push($$.mainLine.transition()
                         .attr("d", drawLine)
                         .style("stroke", $$.color)
                         .style("opacity", 1));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateDrawLine = function (lineIndices, isSub) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            line = $$.d3.svg.line(),
            getPoint = $$.generateGetLinePoint(lineIndices, isSub),
            yScaleGetter = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale : $$.getYScale,
            xValue = function (d) { return (isSub ? $$.subxx : $$.xx).call($$, d); },
            yValue = function (d, i) {
                return config.data_groups.length > 0 ? getPoint(d, i)[0][1] : yScaleGetter.call($$, d.id)(d.value);
            };

        line = config.axis_rotated ? line.x(yValue).y(xValue) : line.x(xValue).y(yValue);
        if (!config.line_connect_null) { line = line.defined(function (d) { return d.value != null; }); }
        return function (d) {
            var data = config.line_connect_null ? $$.filterRemoveNull(d.values) : d.values,
                x = isSub ? $$.x : $$.subX, y = yScaleGetter.call($$, d.id), x0 = 0, y0 = 0, path;
            if ($$.isLineType(d)) {
                if (config.data_regions[d.id]) {
                    path = $$.lineWithRegions(data, x, y, config.data_regions[d.id]);
                } else {
                    path = line.interpolate($$.getInterpolate(d))(data);
                }
            } else {
                if (data[0]) {
                    x0 = x(data[0].x);
                    y0 = y(data[0].value);
                }
                path = config.axis_rotated ? "M " + y0 + " " + x0 : "M " + x0 + " " + y0;
            }
            return path ? path : "M 0 0";
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateGetLinePoint = function (lineIndices, isSub) { // partial duplication of generateGetBarPoints
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            lineTargetsNum = lineIndices.__max__ + 1,
            x = $$.getShapeX(0, lineTargetsNum, lineIndices, !!isSub),
            y = $$.getShapeY(!!isSub),
            lineOffset = $$.getShapeOffset($$.isLineType, lineIndices, !!isSub),
            yScale = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale : $$.getYScale;
        return function (d, i) {
            var y0 = yScale.call($$, d.id)(0),
                offset = lineOffset(d, i) || y0, // offset is for stacked area chart
                posX = x(d), posY = y(d);
            // fix posY not to overflow opposite quadrant
            if (config.axis_rotated) {
                if ((0 < d.value && posY < y0) || (d.value < 0 && y0 < posY)) { posY = y0; }
            }
            // 1 point that marks the line position
            return [
                [posX, posY - (y0 - offset)]
            ];
        };
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.lineWithRegions = function (d, x, y, _regions) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            prev = -1, i, j,
            s = "M", sWithRegion,
            xp, yp, dx, dy, dd, diff, diffx2,
            xValue, yValue,
            regions = [];

        function isWithinRegions(x, regions) {
            var i;
            for (i = 0; i < regions.length; i++) {
                if (regions[i].start < x && x <= regions[i].end) { return true; }
            }
            return false;
        }

        // Check start/end of regions
        if (isDefined(_regions)) {
            for (i = 0; i < _regions.length; i++) {
                regions[i] = {};
                if (isUndefined(_regions[i].start)) {
                    regions[i].start = d[0].x;
                } else {
                    regions[i].start = $$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(_regions[i].start) : _regions[i].start;
                }
                if (isUndefined(_regions[i].end)) {
                    regions[i].end = d[d.length - 1].x;
                } else {
                    regions[i].end = $$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(_regions[i].end) : _regions[i].end;
                }
            }
        }

        // Set scales
        xValue = config.axis_rotated ? function (d) { return y(d.value); } : function (d) { return x(d.x); };
        yValue = config.axis_rotated ? function (d) { return x(d.x); } : function (d) { return y(d.value); };

        // Define svg generator function for region
        if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
            sWithRegion = function (d0, d1, j, diff) {
                var x0 = d0.x.getTime(), x_diff = d1.x - d0.x,
                    xv0 = new Date(x0 + x_diff * j),
                    xv1 = new Date(x0 + x_diff * (j + diff));
                return "M" + x(xv0) + " " + y(yp(j)) + " " + x(xv1) + " " + y(yp(j + diff));
            };
        } else {
            sWithRegion = function (d0, d1, j, diff) {
                return "M" + x(xp(j), true) + " " + y(yp(j)) + " " + x(xp(j + diff), true) + " " + y(yp(j + diff));
            };
        }

        // Generate
        for (i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {

            // Draw as normal
            if (isUndefined(regions) || ! isWithinRegions(d[i].x, regions)) {
                s += " " + xValue(d[i]) + " " + yValue(d[i]);
            }
            // Draw with region // TODO: Fix for horizotal charts
            else {
                xp = $$.getScale(d[i - 1].x, d[i].x, $$.isTimeSeries());
                yp = $$.getScale(d[i - 1].value, d[i].value);

                dx = x(d[i].x) - x(d[i - 1].x);
                dy = y(d[i].value) - y(d[i - 1].value);
                dd = Math.sqrt(Math.pow(dx, 2) + Math.pow(dy, 2));
                diff = 2 / dd;
                diffx2 = diff * 2;

                for (j = diff; j <= 1; j += diffx2) {
                    s += sWithRegion(d[i - 1], d[i], j, diff);
                }
            }
            prev = d[i].x;
        }

        return s;
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawArea = function (durationForExit) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3;
        $$.mainArea = $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.areas).selectAll('.' + CLASS.area)
            .data($$.lineData.bind($$));
        $$.mainArea.enter().append('path')
            .attr("class", $$.classArea.bind($$))
            .style("fill", $$.color)
            .style("opacity", function () { $$.orgAreaOpacity = +d3.select(this).style('opacity'); return 0; });
        $$.mainArea
            .style("opacity", $$.orgAreaOpacity);
        $$.mainArea.exit().transition().duration(durationForExit)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForArea = function (transitions, drawArea) {
        var $$ = this;
        transitions.push($$.mainArea.transition()
                         .attr("d", drawArea)
                         .style("fill", $$.color)
                         .style("opacity", $$.orgAreaOpacity));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateDrawArea = function (areaIndices, isSub) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, area = $$.d3.svg.area(),
            getPoint = $$.generateGetAreaPoint(areaIndices, isSub),
            yScaleGetter = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale : $$.getYScale,
            xValue = function (d) { return (isSub ? $$.subxx : $$.xx).call($$, d); },
            value0 = function (d, i) {
                return config.data_groups.length > 0 ? getPoint(d, i)[0][1] : yScaleGetter.call($$, d.id)(0);
            },
            value1 = function (d, i) {
                return config.data_groups.length > 0 ? getPoint(d, i)[1][1] : yScaleGetter.call($$, d.id)(d.value);
            };

        area = config.axis_rotated ? area.x0(value0).x1(value1).y(xValue) : area.x(xValue).y0(value0).y1(value1);
        if (!config.line_connect_null) {
            area = area.defined(function (d) { return d.value !== null; });
        }

        return function (d) {
            var data = config.line_connect_null ? $$.filterRemoveNull(d.values) : d.values, x0 = 0, y0 = 0, path;
            if ($$.isAreaType(d)) {
                path = area.interpolate($$.getInterpolate(d))(data);
            } else {
                if (data[0]) {
                    x0 = $$.x(data[0].x);
                    y0 = $$.getYScale(d.id)(data[0].value);
                }
                path = config.axis_rotated ? "M " + y0 + " " + x0 : "M " + x0 + " " + y0;
            }
            return path ? path : "M 0 0";
        };
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateGetAreaPoint = function (areaIndices, isSub) { // partial duplication of generateGetBarPoints
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            areaTargetsNum = areaIndices.__max__ + 1,
            x = $$.getShapeX(0, areaTargetsNum, areaIndices, !!isSub),
            y = $$.getShapeY(!!isSub),
            areaOffset = $$.getShapeOffset($$.isAreaType, areaIndices, !!isSub),
            yScale = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale : $$.getYScale;
        return function (d, i) {
            var y0 = yScale.call($$, d.id)(0),
                offset = areaOffset(d, i) || y0, // offset is for stacked area chart
                posX = x(d), posY = y(d);
            // fix posY not to overflow opposite quadrant
            if (config.axis_rotated) {
                if ((0 < d.value && posY < y0) || (d.value < 0 && y0 < posY)) { posY = y0; }
            }
            // 1 point that marks the area position
            return [
                [posX, offset],
                [posX, posY - (y0 - offset)]
            ];
        };
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawCircle = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.mainCircle = $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.circles).selectAll('.' + CLASS.circle)
            .data($$.lineOrScatterData.bind($$));
        $$.mainCircle.enter().append("circle")
            .attr("class", $$.classCircle.bind($$))
            .attr("r", $$.pointR.bind($$))
            .style("fill", $$.color);
        $$.mainCircle
            .style("opacity", $$.initialOpacity.bind($$));
        $$.mainCircle.exit().remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForCircle = function (transitions, cx, cy) {
        var $$ = this;
        transitions.push($$.mainCircle.transition()
                         .style('opacity', $$.opacityForCircle.bind($$))
                         .style("fill", $$.color)
                         .attr("cx", cx)
                         .attr("cy", cy));
        transitions.push($$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.selectedCircle).transition()
                         .attr("cx", cx)
                         .attr("cy", cy));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.circleX = function (d) {
        return d.x || d.x === 0 ? this.x(d.x) : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.circleY = function (d, i) {
        var $$ = this,
            lineIndices = $$.getShapeIndices($$.isLineType), getPoint = $$.generateGetLinePoint(lineIndices);
        return $$.config.data_groups.length > 0 ? getPoint(d, i)[0][1] : $$.getYScale(d.id)(d.value);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCircles = function (i, id) {
        var $$ = this;
        return (id ? $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.circles + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(id)) : $$.main).selectAll('.' + CLASS.circle + (isValue(i) ? '-' + i : ''));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.expandCircles = function (i, id) {
        var $$ = this,
            r = $$.pointExpandedR.bind($$);
        $$.getCircles(i, id)
            .classed(CLASS.EXPANDED, true)
            .attr('r', r);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.unexpandCircles = function (i) {
        var $$ = this,
            r = $$.pointR.bind($$);
        $$.getCircles(i)
            .filter(function () { return $$.d3.select(this).classed(CLASS.EXPANDED); })
            .classed(CLASS.EXPANDED, false)
            .attr('r', r);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.pointR = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.point_show && !$$.isStepType(d) ? (isFunction(config.point_r) ? config.point_r(d) : config.point_r) : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.pointExpandedR = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.point_focus_expand_enabled ? (config.point_focus_expand_r ? config.point_focus_expand_r : $$.pointR(d) * 1.75) : $$.pointR(d);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.pointSelectR = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return config.point_select_r ? config.point_select_r : $$.pointR(d) * 4;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isWithinCircle = function (_this, _r) {
        var d3 = this.d3,
            mouse = d3.mouse(_this), d3_this = d3.select(_this),
            cx = d3_this.attr("cx") * 1, cy = d3_this.attr("cy") * 1;
        return Math.sqrt(Math.pow(cx - mouse[0], 2) + Math.pow(cy - mouse[1], 2)) < _r;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initBar = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.chartBars);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetsForBar = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            mainBarUpdate, mainBarEnter,
            classChartBar = $$.classChartBar.bind($$),
            classBars = $$.classBars.bind($$);
        mainBarUpdate = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chartBars).selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartBar)
            .data(targets)
            .attr('class', classChartBar);
        mainBarEnter = mainBarUpdate.enter().append('g')
            .attr('class', classChartBar)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .style("pointer-events", "none");
        // Bars for each data
        mainBarEnter.append('g')
            .attr("class", classBars)
            .style("cursor", function (d) { return config.data_selection_isselectable(d) ? "pointer" : null; });

    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawBar = function (durationForExit) {
        var $$ = this,
            barData = $$.barData.bind($$),
            classBar = $$.classBar.bind($$),
            initialOpacity = $$.initialOpacity.bind($$),
            color = function (d) { return $$.color(d.id); };
        $$.mainBar = $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.bars).selectAll('.' + CLASS.bar)
            .data(barData);
        $$.mainBar.enter().append('path')
            .attr("class", classBar)
            .style("stroke", color)
            .style("fill", color);
        $$.mainBar
            .style("opacity", initialOpacity);
        $$.mainBar.exit().transition().duration(durationForExit)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForBar = function (transitions, drawBar) {
        var $$ = this;
        transitions.push($$.mainBar.transition()
                         .attr('d', drawBar)
                         .style("fill", $$.color)
                         .style("opacity", 1));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getBarW = function (axis, barTargetsNum) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            w = typeof config.bar_width === 'number' ? config.bar_width : barTargetsNum ? (axis.tickOffset() * 2 * config.bar_width_ratio) / barTargetsNum : 0;
        return config.bar_width_max && w > config.bar_width_max ? config.bar_width_max : w;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getBars = function (i) {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.bar + (isValue(i) ? '-' + i : ''));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.expandBars = function (i) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.getBars(i).classed(CLASS.EXPANDED, true);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.unexpandBars = function (i) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.getBars(i).classed(CLASS.EXPANDED, false);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateDrawBar = function (barIndices, isSub) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            getPoints = $$.generateGetBarPoints(barIndices, isSub);
        return function (d, i) {
            // 4 points that make a bar
            var points = getPoints(d, i);

            // switch points if axis is rotated, not applicable for sub chart
            var indexX = config.axis_rotated ? 1 : 0;
            var indexY = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : 1;

            var path = 'M ' + points[0][indexX] + ',' + points[0][indexY] + ' ' +
                    'L' + points[1][indexX] + ',' + points[1][indexY] + ' ' +
                    'L' + points[2][indexX] + ',' + points[2][indexY] + ' ' +
                    'L' + points[3][indexX] + ',' + points[3][indexY] + ' ' +
                    'z';

            return path;
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateGetBarPoints = function (barIndices, isSub) {
        var $$ = this,
            barTargetsNum = barIndices.__max__ + 1,
            barW = $$.getBarW($$.xAxis, barTargetsNum),
            barX = $$.getShapeX(barW, barTargetsNum, barIndices, !!isSub),
            barY = $$.getShapeY(!!isSub),
            barOffset = $$.getShapeOffset($$.isBarType, barIndices, !!isSub),
            yScale = isSub ? $$.getSubYScale : $$.getYScale;
        return function (d, i) {
            var y0 = yScale.call($$, d.id)(0),
                offset = barOffset(d, i) || y0, // offset is for stacked bar chart
                posX = barX(d), posY = barY(d);
            // fix posY not to overflow opposite quadrant
            if ($$.config.axis_rotated) {
                if ((0 < d.value && posY < y0) || (d.value < 0 && y0 < posY)) { posY = y0; }
            }
            // 4 points that make a bar
            return [
                [posX, offset],
                [posX, posY - (y0 - offset)],
                [posX + barW, posY - (y0 - offset)],
                [posX + barW, offset]
            ];
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isWithinBar = function (_this) {
        var d3 = this.d3,
            mouse = d3.mouse(_this), box = _this.getBoundingClientRect(),
            seg0 = _this.pathSegList.getItem(0), seg1 = _this.pathSegList.getItem(1),
            x = seg0.x, y = Math.min(seg0.y, seg1.y), w = box.width, h = box.height, offset = 2,
            sx = x - offset, ex = x + w + offset, sy = y + h + offset, ey = y - offset;
        return sx < mouse[0] && mouse[0] < ex && ey < mouse[1] && mouse[1] < sy;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initText = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.chartTexts);
        $$.mainText = $$.d3.selectAll([]);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetsForText = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, mainTextUpdate, mainTextEnter,
            classChartText = $$.classChartText.bind($$),
            classTexts = $$.classTexts.bind($$);
        mainTextUpdate = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chartTexts).selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartText)
            .data(targets)
            .attr('class', classChartText);
        mainTextEnter = mainTextUpdate.enter().append('g')
            .attr('class', classChartText)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .style("pointer-events", "none");
        mainTextEnter.append('g')
            .attr('class', classTexts);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawText = function (durationForExit) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            barOrLineData = $$.barOrLineData.bind($$),
            classText = $$.classText.bind($$);
        $$.mainText = $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.texts).selectAll('.' + CLASS.text)
            .data(barOrLineData);
        $$.mainText.enter().append('text')
            .attr("class", classText)
            .attr('text-anchor', function (d) { return config.axis_rotated ? (d.value < 0 ? 'end' : 'start') : 'middle'; })
            .style("stroke", 'none')
            .style("fill", function (d) { return $$.color(d); })
            .style("fill-opacity", 0);
        $$.mainText
            .text(function (d) { return $$.formatByAxisId($$.getAxisId(d.id))(d.value, d.id); });
        $$.mainText.exit()
            .transition().duration(durationForExit)
            .style('fill-opacity', 0)
            .remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForText = function (transitions, xForText, yForText, forFlow) {
        var $$ = this,
            opacityForText = forFlow ? 0 : $$.opacityForText.bind($$);
        transitions.push($$.mainText.transition()
                         .attr('x', xForText)
                         .attr('y', yForText)
                         .style("fill", $$.color)
                         .style("fill-opacity", opacityForText));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getTextRect = function (text, cls) {
        var rect;
        this.d3.select('body').selectAll('.dummy')
            .data([text])
          .enter().append('text')
            .classed(cls ? cls : "", true)
            .text(text)
          .each(function () { rect = this.getBoundingClientRect(); })
            .remove();
        return rect;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateXYForText = function (barIndices, forX) {
        var $$ = this,
            getPoints = $$.generateGetBarPoints(barIndices, false),
            getter = forX ? $$.getXForText : $$.getYForText;
        return function (d, i) {
            return getter.call($$, getPoints(d, i), d, this);
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXForText = function (points, d, textElement) {
        var $$ = this,
            box = textElement.getBoundingClientRect(), xPos, padding;
        if ($$.config.axis_rotated) {
            padding = $$.isBarType(d) ? 4 : 6;
            xPos = points[2][1] + padding * (d.value < 0 ? -1 : 1);
        } else {
            xPos = $$.hasType('bar') ? (points[2][0] + points[0][0]) / 2 : points[0][0];
        }
        return xPos > $$.width ? $$.width - box.width : xPos;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYForText = function (points, d, textElement) {
        var $$ = this,
            box = textElement.getBoundingClientRect(), yPos;
        if ($$.config.axis_rotated) {
            yPos = (points[0][0] + points[2][0] + box.height * 0.6) / 2;
        } else {
            yPos = points[2][1] + (d.value < 0 ? box.height : $$.isBarType(d) ? -3 : -6);
        }
        return yPos < box.height ? box.height : yPos;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.setTargetType = function (targetIds, type) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        $$.mapToTargetIds(targetIds).forEach(function (id) {
            $$.withoutFadeIn[id] = (type === config.data_types[id]);
            config.data_types[id] = type;
        });
        if (!targetIds) {
            config.data_type = type;
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasType = function (type, targets) {
        var $$ = this, types = $$.config.data_types, has = false;
        (targets || $$.data.targets).forEach(function (t) {
            if ((types[t.id] && types[t.id].indexOf(type) >= 0) || (!(t.id in types) && type === 'line')) {
                has = true;
            }
        });
        return has;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasArcType = function (targets) {
        return this.hasType('pie', targets) || this.hasType('donut', targets) || this.hasType('gauge', targets);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isLineType = function (d) {
        var config = this.config, id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return !config.data_types[id] || ['line', 'spline', 'area', 'area-spline', 'step', 'area-step'].indexOf(config.data_types[id]) >= 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isStepType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return ['step', 'area-step'].indexOf(this.config.data_types[id]) >= 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isSplineType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return ['spline', 'area-spline'].indexOf(this.config.data_types[id]) >= 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isAreaType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return ['area', 'area-spline', 'area-step'].indexOf(this.config.data_types[id]) >= 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isBarType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return this.config.data_types[id] === 'bar';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isScatterType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return this.config.data_types[id] === 'scatter';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isPieType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return this.config.data_types[id] === 'pie';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isGaugeType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return this.config.data_types[id] === 'gauge';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isDonutType = function (d) {
        var id = isString(d) ? d : d.id;
        return this.config.data_types[id] === 'donut';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isArcType = function (d) {
        return this.isPieType(d) || this.isDonutType(d) || this.isGaugeType(d);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.lineData = function (d) {
        return this.isLineType(d) ? [d] : [];
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.arcData = function (d) {
        return this.isArcType(d.data) ? [d] : [];
    };
    /* not used
     function scatterData(d) {
     return isScatterType(d) ? d.values : [];
     }
     */
    c3_chart_internal_fn.barData = function (d) {
        return this.isBarType(d) ? d.values : [];
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.lineOrScatterData = function (d) {
        return this.isLineType(d) || this.isScatterType(d) ? d.values : [];
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.barOrLineData = function (d) {
        return this.isBarType(d) || this.isLineType(d) ? d.values : [];
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initGrid = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, d3 = $$.d3;
        $$.grid = $$.main.append('g')
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPath)
            .attr('class', CLASS.grid);
        if (config.grid_x_show) {
            $$.grid.append("g").attr("class", CLASS.xgrids);
        }
        if (config.grid_y_show) {
            $$.grid.append('g').attr('class', CLASS.ygrids);
        }
        $$.grid.append('g').attr("class", CLASS.xgridLines);
        $$.grid.append('g').attr('class', CLASS.ygridLines);
        if (config.grid_focus_show) {
            $$.grid.append('g')
                .attr("class", CLASS.xgridFocus)
                .append('line')
                .attr('class', CLASS.xgridFocus);
        }
        $$.xgrid = d3.selectAll([]);
        $$.xgridLines = d3.selectAll([]);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateXGrid = function (withoutUpdate) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, d3 = $$.d3,
            xgridData = $$.generateGridData(config.grid_x_type, $$.x),
            tickOffset = $$.isCategorized() ? $$.xAxis.tickOffset() : 0;

        $$.xgridAttr = config.axis_rotated ? {
            'x1': 0,
            'x2': $$.width,
            'y1': function (d) { return $$.x(d) - tickOffset; },
            'y2': function (d) { return $$.x(d) - tickOffset; }
        } : {
            'x1': function (d) { return $$.x(d) + tickOffset; },
            'x2': function (d) { return $$.x(d) + tickOffset; },
            'y1': 0,
            'y2': $$.height
        };

        $$.xgrid = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.xgrids).selectAll('.' + CLASS.xgrid)
            .data(xgridData);
        $$.xgrid.enter().append('line').attr("class", CLASS.xgrid);
        if (!withoutUpdate) {
            $$.xgrid.attr($$.xgridAttr)
                .style("opacity", function () { return +d3.select(this).attr(config.axis_rotated ? 'y1' : 'x1') === (config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : 0) ? 0 : 1; });
        }
        $$.xgrid.exit().remove();
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateYGrid = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        $$.ygrid = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.ygrids).selectAll('.' + CLASS.ygrid)
            .data($$.y.ticks(config.grid_y_ticks));
        $$.ygrid.enter().append('line')
            .attr('class', CLASS.ygrid);
        $$.ygrid.attr("x1", config.axis_rotated ? $$.y : 0)
            .attr("x2", config.axis_rotated ? $$.y : $$.width)
            .attr("y1", config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.y)
            .attr("y2", config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : $$.y);
        $$.ygrid.exit().remove();
        $$.smoothLines($$.ygrid, 'grid');
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawGrid = function (duration, withY) {
        var $$ = this, main = $$.main, config = $$.config,
            xgridLine, ygridLine, yv;
        main.select('line.' + CLASS.xgridFocus).style("visibility", "hidden");
        if (config.grid_x_show) {
            $$.updateXGrid();
        }
        $$.xgridLines = main.select('.' + CLASS.xgridLines).selectAll('.' + CLASS.xgridLine)
            .data(config.grid_x_lines);
        // enter
        xgridLine = $$.xgridLines.enter().append('g')
            .attr("class", function (d) { return CLASS.xgridLine + (d.class ? ' ' + d.class : ''); });
        xgridLine.append('line')
            .style("opacity", 0);
        xgridLine.append('text')
            .attr("text-anchor", "end")
            .attr("transform", config.axis_rotated ? "" : "rotate(-90)")
            .attr('dx', config.axis_rotated ? 0 : -$$.margin.top)
            .attr('dy', -5)
            .style("opacity", 0);
        // udpate
        // done in d3.transition() of the end of this function
        // exit
        $$.xgridLines.exit().transition().duration(duration)
            .style("opacity", 0)
            .remove();

        // Y-Grid
        if (withY && config.grid_y_show) {
            $$.updateYGrid();
        }
        if (withY) {
            $$.ygridLines = main.select('.' + CLASS.ygridLines).selectAll('.' + CLASS.ygridLine)
                .data(config.grid_y_lines);
            // enter
            ygridLine = $$.ygridLines.enter().append('g')
                .attr("class", function (d) { return CLASS.ygridLine + (d.class ? ' ' + d.class : ''); });
            ygridLine.append('line')
                .style("opacity", 0);
            ygridLine.append('text')
                .attr("text-anchor", "end")
                .attr("transform", config.axis_rotated ? "rotate(-90)" : "")
                .attr('dx', config.axis_rotated ? 0 : -$$.margin.top)
                .attr('dy', -5)
                .style("opacity", 0);
            // update
            yv = $$.yv.bind($$);
            $$.ygridLines.select('line')
              .transition().duration(duration)
                .attr("x1", config.axis_rotated ? yv : 0)
                .attr("x2", config.axis_rotated ? yv : $$.width)
                .attr("y1", config.axis_rotated ? 0 : yv)
                .attr("y2", config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : yv)
                .style("opacity", 1);
            $$.ygridLines.select('text')
              .transition().duration(duration)
                .attr("x", config.axis_rotated ? 0 : $$.width)
                .attr("y", yv)
                .text(function (d) { return d.text; })
                .style("opacity", 1);
            // exit
            $$.ygridLines.exit().transition().duration(duration)
                .style("opacity", 0)
                .remove();
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForGrid = function (transitions) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, xv = $$.xv.bind($$);
        transitions.push($$.xgridLines.select('line').transition()
                         .attr("x1", config.axis_rotated ? 0 : xv)
                         .attr("x2", config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : xv)
                         .attr("y1", config.axis_rotated ? xv : $$.margin.top)
                         .attr("y2", config.axis_rotated ? xv : $$.height)
                         .style("opacity", 1));
        transitions.push($$.xgridLines.select('text').transition()
                         .attr("x", config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : 0)
                         .attr("y", xv)
                         .text(function (d) { return d.text; })
                         .style("opacity", 1));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.showXGridFocus = function (selectedData) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            dataToShow = selectedData.filter(function (d) { return d && isValue(d.value); }),
            focusEl = $$.main.selectAll('line.' + CLASS.xgridFocus),
            xx = $$.xx.bind($$);
        if (! config.tooltip_show) { return; }
        // Hide when scatter plot exists
        if ($$.hasType('scatter') || $$.hasArcType()) { return; }
        focusEl
            .style("visibility", "visible")
            .data([dataToShow[0]])
            .attr(config.axis_rotated ? 'y1' : 'x1', xx)
            .attr(config.axis_rotated ? 'y2' : 'x2', xx);
        $$.smoothLines(focusEl, 'grid');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hideXGridFocus = function () {
        this.main.select('line.' + CLASS.xgridFocus).style("visibility", "hidden");
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateXgridFocus = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        $$.main.select('line.' + CLASS.xgridFocus)
            .attr("x1", config.axis_rotated ? 0 : -10)
            .attr("x2", config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : -10)
            .attr("y1", config.axis_rotated ? -10 : 0)
            .attr("y2", config.axis_rotated ? -10 : $$.height);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateGridData = function (type, scale) {
        var $$ = this,
            gridData = [], xDomain, firstYear, lastYear, i,
            tickNum = $$.main.select("." + CLASS.axisX).selectAll('.tick').size();
        if (type === 'year') {
            xDomain = $$.getXDomain();
            firstYear = xDomain[0].getFullYear();
            lastYear = xDomain[1].getFullYear();
            for (i = firstYear; i <= lastYear; i++) {
                gridData.push(new Date(i + '-01-01 00:00:00'));
            }
        } else {
            gridData = scale.ticks(10);
            if (gridData.length > tickNum) { // use only int
                gridData = gridData.filter(function (d) { return ("" + d).indexOf('.') < 0; });
            }
        }
        return gridData;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getGridFilterToRemove = function (params) {
        return params ? function (line) {
            var found = false;
            [].concat(params).forEach(function (param) {
                if ((('value' in param && line.value === params.value) || ('class' in param && line.class === params.class))) {
                    found = true;
                }
            });
            return found;
        } : function () { return true; };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.removeGridLines = function (params, forX) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            toRemove = $$.getGridFilterToRemove(params),
            toShow = function (line) { return !toRemove(line); },
            classLines = forX ? CLASS.xgridLines : CLASS.ygridLines,
            classLine = forX ? CLASS.xgridLine : CLASS.ygridLine;
        $$.main.select('.' + classLines).selectAll('.' + classLine).filter(toRemove)
            .transition().duration(config.transition_duration)
            .style('opacity', 0).remove();
        if (forX) {
            config.grid_x_lines = config.grid_x_lines.filter(toShow);
        } else {
            config.grid_y_lines = config.grid_y_lines.filter(toShow);
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initTooltip = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, i;
        $$.tooltip = $$.selectChart
            .style("position", "relative")
            .append("div")
            .style("position", "absolute")
            .style("pointer-events", "none")
            .style("z-index", "10")
            .style("display", "none");
        // Show tooltip if needed
        if (config.tooltip_init_show) {
            if ($$.isTimeSeries() && isString(config.tooltip_init_x)) {
                config.tooltip_init_x = $$.parseDate(config.tooltip_init_x);
                for (i = 0; i < $$.data.targets[0].values.length; i++) {
                    if (($$.data.targets[0].values[i].x - config.tooltip_init_x) === 0) { break; }
                }
                config.tooltip_init_x = i;
            }
            $$.tooltip.html(config.tooltip_contents.call($$, $$.data.targets.map(function (d) {
                return $$.addName(d.values[config.tooltip_init_x]);
            }), $$.getXAxisTickFormat(), $$.getYFormat($$.hasArcType()), $$.color));
            $$.tooltip.style("top", config.tooltip_init_position.top)
                .style("left", config.tooltip_init_position.left)
                .style("display", "block");
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getTooltipContent = function (d, defaultTitleFormat, defaultValueFormat, color) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            titleFormat = config.tooltip_format_title || defaultTitleFormat,
            nameFormat = config.tooltip_format_name || function (name) { return name; },
            valueFormat = config.tooltip_format_value || defaultValueFormat,
            text, i, title, value, name, bgcolor;
        for (i = 0; i < d.length; i++) {
            if (! (d[i] && (d[i].value || d[i].value === 0))) { continue; }

            if (! text) {
                title = titleFormat ? titleFormat(d[i].x) : d[i].x;
                text = "<table class='" + CLASS.tooltip + "'>" + (title || title === 0 ? "<tr><th colspan='2'>" + title + "</th></tr>" : "");
            }

            name = nameFormat(d[i].name);
            value = valueFormat(d[i].value, d[i].ratio, d[i].id, d[i].index);
            bgcolor = $$.levelColor ? $$.levelColor(d[i].value) : color(d[i].id);

            text += "<tr class='" + CLASS.tooltipName + "-" + d[i].id + "'>";
            text += "<td class='name'><span style='background-color:" + bgcolor + "'></span>" + name + "</td>";
            text += "<td class='value'>" + value + "</td>";
            text += "</tr>";
        }
        return text + "</table>";
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.showTooltip = function (selectedData, mouse) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        var tWidth, tHeight, svgLeft, tooltipLeft, tooltipRight, tooltipTop, chartRight;
        var forArc = $$.hasArcType(),
            dataToShow = selectedData.filter(function (d) { return d && isValue(d.value); });
        if (dataToShow.length === 0 || !config.tooltip_show) {
            return;
        }
        $$.tooltip.html(config.tooltip_contents.call($$, selectedData, $$.getXAxisTickFormat(), $$.getYFormat(forArc), $$.color)).style("display", "block");

        // Get tooltip dimensions
        tWidth = $$.tooltip.property('offsetWidth');
        tHeight = $$.tooltip.property('offsetHeight');
        // Determin tooltip position
        if (forArc) {
            tooltipLeft = ($$.width / 2) + mouse[0];
            tooltipTop = ($$.height / 2) + mouse[1] + 20;
        } else {
            if (config.axis_rotated) {
                svgLeft = $$.getSvgLeft();
                tooltipLeft = svgLeft + mouse[0] + 100;
                tooltipRight = tooltipLeft + tWidth;
                chartRight = $$.getCurrentWidth() - $$.getCurrentPaddingRight();
                tooltipTop = $$.x(dataToShow[0].x) + 20;
            } else {
                svgLeft = $$.getSvgLeft();
                tooltipLeft = svgLeft + $$.getCurrentPaddingLeft() + $$.x(dataToShow[0].x) + 20;
                tooltipRight = tooltipLeft + tWidth;
                chartRight = svgLeft + $$.getCurrentWidth() - $$.getCurrentPaddingRight();
                tooltipTop = mouse[1] + 15;
            }

            if (tooltipRight > chartRight) {
                tooltipLeft -= tooltipRight - chartRight;
            }
            if (tooltipTop + tHeight > $$.getCurrentHeight() && tooltipTop > tHeight + 30) {
                tooltipTop -= tHeight + 30;
            }
        }
        // Set tooltip
        $$.tooltip
            .style("top", tooltipTop + "px")
            .style("left", tooltipLeft + 'px');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hideTooltip = function () {
        this.tooltip.style("display", "none");
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initLegend = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.legend = $$.svg.append("g").attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('legend'));
        if (!$$.config.legend_show) {
            $$.legend.style('visibility', 'hidden');
            $$.hiddenLegendIds = $$.mapToIds($$.data.targets);
        }
        // MEMO: call here to update legend box and tranlate for all
        // MEMO: translate will be upated by this, so transform not needed in updateLegend()
        $$.updateLegend($$.mapToIds($$.data.targets), {withTransform: false, withTransitionForTransform: false, withTransition: false});
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateSizeForLegend = function (legendHeight, legendWidth) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, insetLegendPosition = {
            top: $$.isLegendTop ? $$.getCurrentPaddingTop() + config.legend_inset_y + 5.5 : $$.currentHeight - legendHeight - $$.getCurrentPaddingBottom() - config.legend_inset_y,
            left: $$.isLegendLeft ? $$.getCurrentPaddingLeft() + config.legend_inset_x + 0.5 : $$.currentWidth - legendWidth - $$.getCurrentPaddingRight() - config.legend_inset_x + 0.5
        };
        $$.margin3 = {
            top: $$.isLegendRight ? 0 : $$.isLegendInset ? insetLegendPosition.top : $$.currentHeight - legendHeight,
            right: NaN,
            bottom: 0,
            left: $$.isLegendRight ? $$.currentWidth - legendWidth : $$.isLegendInset ? insetLegendPosition.left : 0
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.transformLegend = function (withTransition) {
        var $$ = this;
        (withTransition ? $$.legend.transition() : $$.legend).attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('legend'));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateLegendStep = function (step) {
        this.legendStep = step;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateLegendItemWidth = function (w) {
        this.legendItemWidth = w;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateLegendItemHeight = function (h) {
        this.legendItemHeight = h;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getLegendWidth = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.config.legend_show ? $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? $$.legendItemWidth * ($$.legendStep + 1) : $$.currentWidth : 0;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getLegendHeight = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, h = 0;
        if (config.legend_show) {
            if ($$.isLegendRight) {
                h = $$.currentHeight;
            } else if ($$.isLegendInset) {
                h = config.legend_inset_step ? Math.max(20, $$.legendItemHeight) * (config.legend_inset_step + 1) : $$.height;
            } else {
                h = Math.max(20, $$.legendItemHeight) * ($$.legendStep + 1);
            }
        }
        return h;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.opacityForLegend = function (legendItem) {
        var $$ = this;
        return legendItem.classed(CLASS.legendItemHidden) ? $$.legendOpacityForHidden : 1;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.opacityForUnfocusedLegend = function (legendItem) {
        var $$ = this;
        return legendItem.classed(CLASS.legendItemHidden) ? $$.legendOpacityForHidden : 0.3;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.toggleFocusLegend = function (id, focus) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.legend.selectAll('.' + CLASS.legendItem)
            .transition().duration(100)
            .style('opacity', function (_id) {
                var This = $$.d3.select(this);
                if (id && _id !== id) {
                    return focus ? $$.opacityForUnfocusedLegend(This) : $$.opacityForLegend(This);
                } else {
                    return focus ? $$.opacityForLegend(This) : $$.opacityForUnfocusedLegend(This);
                }
            });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.revertLegend = function () {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3;
        $$.legend.selectAll('.' + CLASS.legendItem)
            .transition().duration(100)
            .style('opacity', function () { return $$.opacityForLegend(d3.select(this)); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.showLegend = function (targetIds) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if (!config.legend_show) {
            config.legend_show = true;
            $$.legend.style('visibility', 'visible');
        }
        $$.removeHiddenLegendIds(targetIds);
        $$.legend.selectAll($$.selectorLegends(targetIds))
            .style('visibility', 'visible')
            .transition()
            .style('opacity', function () { return $$.opacityForLegend($$.d3.select(this)); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.hideLegend = function (targetIds) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if (config.legend_show && isEmpty(targetIds)) {
            config.legend_show = false;
            $$.legend.style('visibility', 'hidden');
        }
        $$.addHiddenLegendIds(targetIds);
        $$.legend.selectAll($$.selectorLegends(targetIds))
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .style('visibility', 'hidden');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateLegend = function (targetIds, options, transitions) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        var xForLegend, xForLegendText, xForLegendRect, yForLegend, yForLegendText, yForLegendRect;
        var paddingTop = 4, paddingRight = 36, maxWidth = 0, maxHeight = 0, posMin = 10;
        var l, totalLength = 0, offsets = {}, widths = {}, heights = {}, margins = [0], steps = {}, step = 0;
        var withTransition, withTransitionForTransform;
        var hasFocused = $$.legend.selectAll('.' + CLASS.legendItemFocused).size();
        var texts, rects, tiles;

        options = options || {};
        withTransition = getOption(options, "withTransition", true);
        withTransitionForTransform = getOption(options, "withTransitionForTransform", true);

        function updatePositions(textElement, id, reset) {
            var box = $$.getTextRect(textElement.textContent, CLASS.legendItem),
                itemWidth = Math.ceil((box.width + paddingRight) / 10) * 10,
                itemHeight = Math.ceil((box.height + paddingTop) / 10) * 10,
                itemLength = $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? itemHeight : itemWidth,
                areaLength = $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? $$.getLegendHeight() : $$.getLegendWidth(),
                margin, maxLength;

            // MEMO: care about condifion of step, totalLength
            function updateValues(id, withoutStep) {
                if (!withoutStep) {
                    margin = (areaLength - totalLength - itemLength) / 2;
                    if (margin < posMin) {
                        margin = (areaLength - itemLength) / 2;
                        totalLength = 0;
                        step++;
                    }
                }
                steps[id] = step;
                margins[step] = $$.isLegendInset ? 10 : margin;
                offsets[id] = totalLength;
                totalLength += itemLength;
            }

            if (reset) {
                totalLength = 0;
                step = 0;
                maxWidth = 0;
                maxHeight = 0;
            }

            if (config.legend_show && !$$.isLegendToShow(id)) {
                widths[id] = heights[id] = steps[id] = offsets[id] = 0;
                return;
            }

            widths[id] = itemWidth;
            heights[id] = itemHeight;

            if (!maxWidth || itemWidth >= maxWidth) { maxWidth = itemWidth; }
            if (!maxHeight || itemHeight >= maxHeight) { maxHeight = itemHeight; }
            maxLength = $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? maxHeight : maxWidth;

            if (config.legend_equally) {
                Object.keys(widths).forEach(function (id) { widths[id] = maxWidth; });
                Object.keys(heights).forEach(function (id) { heights[id] = maxHeight; });
                margin = (areaLength - maxLength * targetIds.length) / 2;
                if (margin < posMin) {
                    totalLength = 0;
                    step = 0;
                    targetIds.forEach(function (id) { updateValues(id); });
                }
                else {
                    updateValues(id, true);
                }
            } else {
                updateValues(id);
            }
        }

        if ($$.isLegendRight) {
            xForLegend = function (id) { return maxWidth * steps[id]; };
            yForLegend = function (id) { return margins[steps[id]] + offsets[id]; };
        } else if ($$.isLegendInset) {
            xForLegend = function (id) { return maxWidth * steps[id] + 10; };
            yForLegend = function (id) { return margins[steps[id]] + offsets[id]; };
        } else {
            xForLegend = function (id) { return margins[steps[id]] + offsets[id]; };
            yForLegend = function (id) { return maxHeight * steps[id]; };
        }
        xForLegendText = function (id, i) { return xForLegend(id, i) + 14; };
        yForLegendText = function (id, i) { return yForLegend(id, i) + 9; };
        xForLegendRect = function (id, i) { return xForLegend(id, i) - 4; };
        yForLegendRect = function (id, i) { return yForLegend(id, i) - 7; };

        // Define g for legend area
        l = $$.legend.selectAll('.' + CLASS.legendItem)
            .data(targetIds)
            .enter().append('g')
            .attr('class', function (id) { return $$.generateClass(CLASS.legendItem, id); })
            .style('visibility', function (id) { return $$.isLegendToShow(id) ? 'visible' : 'hidden'; })
            .style('cursor', 'pointer')
            .on('click', function (id) {
                config.legend_item_onclick ? config.legend_item_onclick.call($$, id) : $$.api.toggle(id);
            })
            .on('mouseover', function (id) {
                $$.d3.select(this).classed(CLASS.legendItemFocused, true);
                if (!$$.transiting) {
                    $$.api.focus(id);
                }
                if (config.legend_item_onmouseover) {
                    config.legend_item_onmouseover.call($$, id);
                }
            })
            .on('mouseout', function (id) {
                $$.d3.select(this).classed(CLASS.legendItemFocused, false);
                if (!$$.transiting) {
                    $$.api.revert();
                }
                if (config.legend_item_onmouseout) {
                    config.legend_item_onmouseout.call($$, id);
                }
            });
        l.append('text')
            .text(function (id) { return isDefined(config.data_names[id]) ? config.data_names[id] : id; })
            .each(function (id, i) { updatePositions(this, id, i === 0); })
            .style("pointer-events", "none")
            .attr('x', $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? xForLegendText : -200)
            .attr('y', $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? -200 : yForLegendText);
        l.append('rect')
            .attr("class", CLASS.legendItemEvent)
            .style('fill-opacity', 0)
            .attr('x', $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? xForLegendRect : -200)
            .attr('y', $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? -200 : yForLegendRect);
        l.append('rect')
            .attr("class", CLASS.legendItemTile)
            .style("pointer-events", "none")
            .style('fill', $$.color)
            .attr('x', $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? xForLegendText : -200)
            .attr('y', $$.isLegendRight || $$.isLegendInset ? -200 : yForLegend)
            .attr('width', 10)
            .attr('height', 10);
        // Set background for inset legend
        if ($$.isLegendInset && maxWidth !== 0) {
            $$.legend.insert('g', '.' + CLASS.legendItem)
                .attr("class", CLASS.legendBackground)
                .append('rect')
                .attr('height', $$.getLegendHeight() - 10)
                .attr('width', maxWidth * (step + 1) + 10);
        }

        texts = $$.legend.selectAll('text')
            .data(targetIds)
            .text(function (id) { return isDefined(config.data_names[id]) ? config.data_names[id] : id; }) // MEMO: needed for update
            .each(function (id, i) { updatePositions(this, id, i === 0); });
        (withTransition ? texts.transition() : texts)
            .attr('x', xForLegendText)
            .attr('y', yForLegendText);

        rects = $$.legend.selectAll('rect.' + CLASS.legendItemEvent)
            .data(targetIds);
        (withTransition ? rects.transition() : rects)
            .attr('width', function (id) { return widths[id]; })
            .attr('height', function (id) { return heights[id]; })
            .attr('x', xForLegendRect)
            .attr('y', yForLegendRect);

        tiles = $$.legend.selectAll('rect.' + CLASS.legendItemTile)
            .data(targetIds);
        (withTransition ? tiles.transition() : tiles)
            .style('fill', $$.color)
            .attr('x', xForLegend)
            .attr('y', yForLegend);

        // toggle legend state
        $$.legend.selectAll('.' + CLASS.legendItem)
            .classed(CLASS.legendItemHidden, function (id) { return !$$.isTargetToShow(id); })
            .transition()
            .style('opacity', function (id) {
                var This = $$.d3.select(this);
                if ($$.isTargetToShow(id)) {
                    return !hasFocused || This.classed(CLASS.legendItemFocused) ? $$.opacityForLegend(This) : $$.opacityForUnfocusedLegend(This);
                } else {
                    return $$.legendOpacityForHidden;
                }
            });

        // Update all to reflect change of legend
        $$.updateLegendItemWidth(maxWidth);
        $$.updateLegendItemHeight(maxHeight);
        $$.updateLegendStep(step);
        // Update size and scale
        $$.updateSizes();
        $$.updateScales();
        $$.updateSvgSize();
        // Update g positions
        $$.transformAll(withTransitionForTransform, transitions);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initAxis = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, main = $$.main;
        $$.axes.x = main.append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axis + ' ' + CLASS.axisX)
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPathForXAxis)
            .attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('x'))
            .style("visibility", config.axis_x_show ? 'visible' : 'hidden');
        $$.axes.x.append("text")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axisXLabel)
            .attr("transform", config.axis_rotated ? "rotate(-90)" : "")
            .style("text-anchor", $$.textAnchorForXAxisLabel.bind($$));

        $$.axes.y = main.append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axis + ' ' + CLASS.axisY)
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPathForYAxis)
            .attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('y'))
            .style("visibility", config.axis_y_show ? 'visible' : 'hidden');
        $$.axes.y.append("text")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axisYLabel)
            .attr("transform", config.axis_rotated ? "" : "rotate(-90)")
            .style("text-anchor", $$.textAnchorForYAxisLabel.bind($$));

        $$.axes.y2 = main.append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axis + ' ' + CLASS.axisY2)
            // clip-path?
            .attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('y2'))
            .style("visibility", config.axis_y2_show ? 'visible' : 'hidden');
        $$.axes.y2.append("text")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axisY2Label)
            .attr("transform", config.axis_rotated ? "" : "rotate(-90)")
            .style("text-anchor", $$.textAnchorForY2AxisLabel.bind($$));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxis = function (scale, orient, tickFormat, tickValues) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            axis = c3_axis($$.d3, $$.isCategorized()).scale(scale).orient(orient);

        // Set tick
        axis.tickFormat(tickFormat).tickValues(tickValues);
        if ($$.isCategorized()) {
            axis.tickCentered(config.axis_x_tick_centered);
            if (isEmpty(config.axis_x_tick_culling)) {
                config.axis_x_tick_culling = false;
            }
        } else {
            // TODO: move this to c3_axis
            axis.tickOffset = function () {
                var edgeX = $$.getEdgeX($$.data.targets), diff = $$.x(edgeX[1]) - $$.x(edgeX[0]),
                    base = diff ? diff : (config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : $$.width);
                return (base / $$.getMaxDataCount()) / 2;
            };
        }

        return axis;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYAxis = function (scale, orient, tickFormat, ticks) {
        return c3_axis(this.d3).scale(scale).orient(orient).tickFormat(tickFormat).ticks(ticks);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisId = function (id) {
        var config = this.config;
        return id in config.data_axes ? config.data_axes[id] : 'y';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxisTickFormat = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            format = $$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.defaultAxisTimeFormat : $$.isCategorized() ? $$.categoryName : function (v) { return v < 0 ? v.toFixed(0) : v; };
        if (config.axis_x_tick_format) {
            if (isFunction(config.axis_x_tick_format)) {
                format = config.axis_x_tick_format;
            } else if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
                format = function (date) {
                    return date ? $$.axisTimeFormat(config.axis_x_tick_format)(date) : "";
                };
            }
        }
        return isFunction(format) ? function (v) { return format.call($$, v); } : format;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisLabelOptionByAxisId = function (axisId) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, option;
        if (axisId === 'y') {
            option = config.axis_y_label;
        } else if (axisId === 'y2') {
            option = config.axis_y2_label;
        } else if (axisId === 'x') {
            option = config.axis_x_label;
        }
        return option;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisLabelText = function (axisId) {
        var option = this.getAxisLabelOptionByAxisId(axisId);
        return isString(option) ? option : option ? option.text : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.setAxisLabelText = function (axisId, text) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            option = $$.getAxisLabelOptionByAxisId(axisId);
        if (isString(option)) {
            if (axisId === 'y') {
                config.axis_y_label = text;
            } else if (axisId === 'y2') {
                config.axis_y2_label = text;
            } else if (axisId === 'x') {
                config.axis_x_label = text;
            }
        } else if (option) {
            option.text = text;
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisLabelPosition = function (axisId, defaultPosition) {
        var option = this.getAxisLabelOptionByAxisId(axisId),
            position = (option && typeof option === 'object' && option.position) ? option.position : defaultPosition;
        return {
            isInner: position.indexOf('inner') >= 0,
            isOuter: position.indexOf('outer') >= 0,
            isLeft: position.indexOf('left') >= 0,
            isCenter: position.indexOf('center') >= 0,
            isRight: position.indexOf('right') >= 0,
            isTop: position.indexOf('top') >= 0,
            isMiddle: position.indexOf('middle') >= 0,
            isBottom: position.indexOf('bottom') >= 0
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxisLabelPosition = function () {
        return this.getAxisLabelPosition('x', this.config.axis_rotated ? 'inner-top' : 'inner-right');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYAxisLabelPosition = function () {
        return this.getAxisLabelPosition('y', this.config.axis_rotated ? 'inner-right' : 'inner-top');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getY2AxisLabelPosition = function () {
        return this.getAxisLabelPosition('y2', this.config.axis_rotated ? 'inner-right' : 'inner-top');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisLabelPositionById = function (id) {
        return id === 'y2' ? this.getY2AxisLabelPosition() : id === 'y' ? this.getYAxisLabelPosition() : this.getXAxisLabelPosition();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textForXAxisLabel = function () {
        return this.getAxisLabelText('x');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textForYAxisLabel = function () {
        return this.getAxisLabelText('y');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textForY2AxisLabel = function () {
        return this.getAxisLabelText('y2');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.xForAxisLabel = function (forHorizontal, position) {
        var $$ = this;
        if (forHorizontal) {
            return position.isLeft ? 0 : position.isCenter ? $$.width / 2 : $$.width;
        } else {
            return position.isBottom ? -$$.height : position.isMiddle ? -$$.height / 2 : 0;
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dxForAxisLabel = function (forHorizontal, position) {
        if (forHorizontal) {
            return position.isLeft ? "0.5em" : position.isRight ? "-0.5em" : "0";
        } else {
            return position.isTop ? "-0.5em" : position.isBottom ? "0.5em" : "0";
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textAnchorForAxisLabel = function (forHorizontal, position) {
        if (forHorizontal) {
            return position.isLeft ? 'start' : position.isCenter ? 'middle' : 'end';
        } else {
            return position.isBottom ? 'start' : position.isMiddle ? 'middle' : 'end';
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.xForXAxisLabel = function () {
        return this.xForAxisLabel(!this.config.axis_rotated, this.getXAxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.xForYAxisLabel = function () {
        return this.xForAxisLabel(this.config.axis_rotated, this.getYAxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.xForY2AxisLabel = function () {
        return this.xForAxisLabel(this.config.axis_rotated, this.getY2AxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dxForXAxisLabel = function () {
        return this.dxForAxisLabel(!this.config.axis_rotated, this.getXAxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dxForYAxisLabel = function () {
        return this.dxForAxisLabel(this.config.axis_rotated, this.getYAxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dxForY2AxisLabel = function () {
        return this.dxForAxisLabel(this.config.axis_rotated, this.getY2AxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dyForXAxisLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            position = $$.getXAxisLabelPosition();
        if (config.axis_rotated) {
            return position.isInner ? "1.2em" : -25 - $$.getMaxTickWidth('x');
        } else {
            return position.isInner ? "-0.5em" : config.axis_x_height ? config.axis_x_height - 10 : "3em";
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dyForYAxisLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this,
            position = $$.getYAxisLabelPosition();
        if ($$.config.axis_rotated) {
            return position.isInner ? "-0.5em" : "3em";
        } else {
            return position.isInner ? "1.2em" : -20 - $$.getMaxTickWidth('y');
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.dyForY2AxisLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this,
            position = $$.getY2AxisLabelPosition();
        if ($$.config.axis_rotated) {
            return position.isInner ? "1.2em" : "-2.2em";
        } else {
            return position.isInner ? "-0.5em" : 30 + this.getMaxTickWidth('y2');
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textAnchorForXAxisLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.textAnchorForAxisLabel(!$$.config.axis_rotated, $$.getXAxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textAnchorForYAxisLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.textAnchorForAxisLabel($$.config.axis_rotated, $$.getYAxisLabelPosition());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.textAnchorForY2AxisLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.textAnchorForAxisLabel($$.config.axis_rotated, $$.getY2AxisLabelPosition());
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.xForRotatedTickText = function (r) {
        return 10 * Math.sin(Math.PI * (r / 180));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.yForRotatedTickText = function (r) {
        return 11.5 - 2.5 * (r / 15);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.rotateTickText = function (axis, transition, rotate) {
        axis.selectAll('.tick text')
            .style("text-anchor", "start");
        transition.selectAll('.tick text')
            .attr("y", this.yForRotatedTickText(rotate))
            .attr("x", this.xForRotatedTickText(rotate))
            .attr("transform", "rotate(" + rotate + ")");
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getMaxTickWidth = function (id) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            maxWidth = 0, targetsToShow, scale, axis;
        if ($$.svg) {
            targetsToShow = $$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets);
            if (id === 'y') {
                scale = $$.y.copy().domain($$.getYDomain(targetsToShow, 'y'));
                axis = $$.getYAxis(scale, $$.yOrient, config.axis_y_tick_format, config.axis_y_ticks);
            } else if (id === 'y2') {
                scale = $$.y2.copy().domain($$.getYDomain(targetsToShow, 'y2'));
                axis = $$.getYAxis(scale, $$.y2Orient, config.axis_y2_tick_format, config.axis_y2_ticks);
            } else {
                scale = $$.x.copy().domain($$.getXDomain(targetsToShow));
                axis = $$.getXAxis(scale, $$.xOrient, $$.getXAxisTickFormat(), config.axis_x_tick_values ? config.axis_x_tick_values : $$.xAxis.tickValues());
            }
            $$.main.append("g").call(axis).each(function () {
                $$.d3.select(this).selectAll('text').each(function () {
                    var box = this.getBoundingClientRect();
                    if (maxWidth < box.width) { maxWidth = box.width; }
                });
            }).remove();
        }
        $$.currentMaxTickWidth = maxWidth <= 0 ? $$.currentMaxTickWidth : maxWidth;
        return $$.currentMaxTickWidth;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateAxisLabels = function (withTransition) {
        var $$ = this;
        var axisXLabel = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.axisX + ' .' + CLASS.axisXLabel),
            axisYLabel = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.axisY + ' .' + CLASS.axisYLabel),
            axisY2Label = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.axisY2 + ' .' + CLASS.axisY2Label);
        (withTransition ? axisXLabel.transition() : axisXLabel)
            .attr("x", $$.xForXAxisLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("dx", $$.dxForXAxisLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("dy", $$.dyForXAxisLabel.bind($$))
            .text($$.textForXAxisLabel.bind($$));
        (withTransition ? axisYLabel.transition() : axisYLabel)
            .attr("x", $$.xForYAxisLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("dx", $$.dxForYAxisLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("dy", $$.dyForYAxisLabel.bind($$))
            .text($$.textForYAxisLabel.bind($$));
        (withTransition ? axisY2Label.transition() : axisY2Label)
            .attr("x", $$.xForY2AxisLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("dx", $$.dxForY2AxisLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("dy", $$.dyForY2AxisLabel.bind($$))
            .text($$.textForY2AxisLabel.bind($$));
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisPadding = function (padding, key, defaultValue, all) {
        var ratio = padding.unit === 'ratio' ? all : 1;
        return isValue(padding[key]) ? padding[key] * ratio : defaultValue;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateTickValues = function (xs, tickCount) {
        var $$ = this;
        var tickValues = xs, targetCount, start, end, count, interval, i, tickValue;
        if (tickCount) {
            targetCount = isFunction(tickCount) ? tickCount() : tickCount;
            // compute ticks according to $$.config.axis_x_tick_count
            if (targetCount === 1) {
                tickValues = [xs[0]];
            } else if (targetCount === 2) {
                tickValues = [xs[0], xs[xs.length - 1]];
            } else if (targetCount > 2) {
                count = targetCount - 2;
                start = xs[0];
                end = xs[xs.length - 1];
                interval = (end - start) / (count + 1);
                // re-construct uniqueXs
                tickValues = [start];
                for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                    tickValue = +start + interval * (i + 1);
                    tickValues.push($$.isTimeSeries() ? new Date(tickValue) : tickValue);
                }
                tickValues.push(end);
            }
        }
        if (!$$.isTimeSeries()) { tickValues = tickValues.sort(function (a, b) { return a - b; }); }
        return tickValues;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateAxisTransitions = function (duration) {
        var $$ = this, axes = $$.axes;
        return {
            axisX: duration ? axes.x.transition().duration(duration) : axes.x,
            axisY: duration ? axes.y.transition().duration(duration) : axes.y,
            axisY2: duration ? axes.y2.transition().duration(duration) : axes.y2,
            axisSubX: duration ? axes.subx.transition().duration(duration) : axes.subx
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawAxis = function (transitions, isHidden) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.axes.x.style("opacity", isHidden ? 0 : 1);
        $$.axes.y.style("opacity", isHidden ? 0 : 1);
        $$.axes.y2.style("opacity", isHidden ? 0 : 1);
        $$.axes.subx.style("opacity", isHidden ? 0 : 1);
        transitions.axisX.call($$.xAxis);
        transitions.axisY.call($$.yAxis);
        transitions.axisY2.call($$.y2Axis);
        transitions.axisSubX.call($$.subXAxis);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getClipPath = function (id) {
        var isIE9 = window.navigator.appVersion.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie 9.") >= 0;
        return "url(" + (isIE9 ? "" : document.URL.split('#')[0]) + "#" + id + ")";
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisClipX = function (forHorizontal) {
        // axis line width + padding for left
        return forHorizontal ? -(1 + 30) : -(this.margin.left - 1);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisClipY = function (forHorizontal) {
        return forHorizontal ? -20 : -4;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxisClipX = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipX(!$$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxisClipY = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipY(!$$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYAxisClipX = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipX($$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYAxisClipY = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipY($$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisClipWidth = function (forHorizontal) {
        var $$ = this;
        // width + axis line width + padding for left/right
        return forHorizontal ? $$.width + 2 + 30 + 30 : $$.margin.left + 20;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getAxisClipHeight = function (forHorizontal) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return forHorizontal ? (config.axis_x_height ? config.axis_x_height : 0) + 80 : $$.height + 8;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxisClipWidth = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipWidth(!$$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getXAxisClipHeight = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipHeight(!$$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYAxisClipWidth = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipWidth($$.config.axis_rotated);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYAxisClipHeight = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.getAxisClipHeight($$.config.axis_rotated);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initPie = function () {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        $$.pie = d3.layout.pie().value(function (d) {
            return d.values.reduce(function (a, b) { return a + b.value; }, 0);
        });
        if (!config.data_order || !config.pie_sort || !config.donut_sort) {
            $$.pie.sort(null);
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateRadius = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            w = config.gauge_width || config.donut_width;
        $$.radiusExpanded = Math.min($$.arcWidth, $$.arcHeight) / 2;
        $$.radius = $$.radiusExpanded * 0.95;
        $$.innerRadiusRatio = w ? ($$.radius - w) / $$.radius : 0.6;
        $$.innerRadius = $$.hasType('donut') || $$.hasType('gauge') ? $$.radius * $$.innerRadiusRatio : 0;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateArc = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.svgArc = $$.getSvgArc();
        $$.svgArcExpanded = $$.getSvgArcExpanded();
        $$.svgArcExpandedSub = $$.getSvgArcExpanded(0.98);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateAngle = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            found = false, index = 0;
        $$.pie($$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets)).sort($$.descByStartAngle).forEach(function (t) {
            if (! found && t.data.id === d.data.id) {
                found = true;
                d = t;
                d.index = index;
            }
            index++;
        });
        if (isNaN(d.endAngle)) {
            d.endAngle = d.startAngle;
        }
        if ($$.isGaugeType(d.data)) {
            var gMin = config.gauge_min, gMax = config.gauge_max,
                gF = Math.abs(gMin) + gMax,
                aTic = (Math.PI) / gF;
            d.startAngle = (-1 * (Math.PI / 2)) + (aTic * Math.abs(gMin));
            d.endAngle = d.startAngle + (aTic * ((d.value > gMax) ? gMax : d.value));
        }
        return found ? d : null;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getSvgArc = function () {
        var $$ = this,
            arc = $$.d3.svg.arc().outerRadius($$.radius).innerRadius($$.innerRadius),
            newArc = function (d, withoutUpdate) {
                var updated;
                if (withoutUpdate) { return arc(d); } // for interpolate
                updated = $$.updateAngle(d);
                return updated ? arc(updated) : "M 0 0";
            };
        // TODO: extends all function
        newArc.centroid = arc.centroid;
        return newArc;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getSvgArcExpanded = function (rate) {
        var $$ = this,
            arc = $$.d3.svg.arc().outerRadius($$.radiusExpanded * (rate ? rate : 1)).innerRadius($$.innerRadius);
        return function (d) {
            var updated = $$.updateAngle(d);
            return updated ? arc(updated) : "M 0 0";
        };
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getArc = function (d, withoutUpdate, force) {
        return force || this.isArcType(d.data) ? this.svgArc(d, withoutUpdate) : "M 0 0";
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.transformForArcLabel = function (d) {
        var $$ = this,
            updated = $$.updateAngle(d), c, x, y, h, ratio, translate = "";
        if (updated && !$$.hasType('gauge')) {
            c = this.svgArc.centroid(updated);
            x = isNaN(c[0]) ? 0 : c[0];
            y = isNaN(c[1]) ? 0 : c[1];
            h = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
            // TODO: ratio should be an option?
            ratio = $$.radius && h ? (36 / $$.radius > 0.375 ? 1.175 - 36 / $$.radius : 0.8) * $$.radius / h : 0;
            translate = "translate(" + (x * ratio) +  ',' + (y * ratio) +  ")";
        }
        return translate;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getArcRatio = function (d) {
        var $$ = this,
            whole = $$.hasType('gauge') ? Math.PI : (Math.PI * 2);
        return d ? (d.endAngle - d.startAngle) / whole : null;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.convertToArcData = function (d) {
        return this.addName({
            id: d.data.id,
            value: d.value,
            ratio: this.getArcRatio(d),
            index: d.index
        });
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.textForArcLabel = function (d) {
        var $$ = this,
            updated, value, ratio, format;
        if (! $$.shouldShowArcLabel()) { return ""; }
        updated = $$.updateAngle(d);
        value = updated ? updated.value : null;
        ratio = $$.getArcRatio(updated);
        if (! $$.hasType('gauge') && ! $$.meetsArcLabelThreshold(ratio)) { return ""; }
        format = $$.getArcLabelFormat();
        return format ? format(value, ratio) : $$.defaultArcValueFormat(value, ratio);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.expandArc = function (id, withoutFadeOut) {
        var $$ = this,
            target = $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartArc + $$.selectorTarget(id)),
            noneTargets = $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.arc).filter(function (data) { return data.data.id !== id; });

        if ($$.shouldExpand(id)) {
            target.selectAll('path')
                .transition().duration(50)
                .attr("d", $$.svgArcExpanded)
                .transition().duration(100)
                .attr("d", $$.svgArcExpandedSub)
                .each(function (d) {
                    if ($$.isDonutType(d.data)) {
                        // callback here
                    }
                });
        }
        if (!withoutFadeOut) {
            noneTargets.style("opacity", 0.3);
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.unexpandArc = function (id) {
        var $$ = this,
            target = $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartArc + $$.selectorTarget(id));
        target.selectAll('path.' + CLASS.arc)
            .transition().duration(50)
            .attr("d", $$.svgArc);
        $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.arc)
            .style("opacity", 1);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.shouldExpand = function (id) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        return ($$.isDonutType(id) && config.donut_expand) || ($$.isGaugeType(id) && config.gauge_expand) || ($$.isPieType(id) && config.pie_expand);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.shouldShowArcLabel = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, shouldShow = true;
        if ($$.hasType('donut')) {
            shouldShow = config.donut_label_show;
        } else if ($$.hasType('pie')) {
            shouldShow = config.pie_label_show;
        }
        // when gauge, always true
        return shouldShow;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.meetsArcLabelThreshold = function (ratio) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            threshold = $$.hasType('donut') ? config.donut_label_threshold : config.pie_label_threshold;
        return ratio >= threshold;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getArcLabelFormat = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            format = config.pie_label_format;
        if ($$.hasType('gauge')) {
            format = config.gauge_label_format;
        } else if ($$.hasType('donut')) {
            format = config.donut_label_format;
        }
        return format;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getArcTitle = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        return $$.hasType('donut') ? $$.config.donut_title : "";
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.descByStartAngle = function (a, b) {
        return a.startAngle - b.startAngle;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetsForArc = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, main = $$.main,
            mainPieUpdate, mainPieEnter,
            classChartArc = $$.classChartArc.bind($$),
            classArcs = $$.classArcs.bind($$);
        mainPieUpdate = main.select('.' + CLASS.chartArcs).selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartArc)
            .data($$.pie(targets))
            .attr("class", classChartArc);
        mainPieEnter = mainPieUpdate.enter().append("g")
            .attr("class", classChartArc);
        mainPieEnter.append('g')
            .attr('class', classArcs);
        mainPieEnter.append("text")
            .attr("dy", $$.hasType('gauge') ? "-0.35em" : ".35em")
            .style("opacity", 0)
            .style("text-anchor", "middle")
            .style("pointer-events", "none");
        // MEMO: can not keep same color..., but not bad to update color in redraw
        //mainPieUpdate.exit().remove();
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initArc = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.arcs = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.chartArcs)
            .attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('arc'));
        $$.arcs.append('text')
            .attr('class', CLASS.chartArcsTitle)
            .style("text-anchor", "middle")
            .text($$.getArcTitle());
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawArc = function (duration, durationForExit, withTransform) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config, main = $$.main,
            mainArc;
        mainArc = main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.arcs).selectAll('.' + CLASS.arc)
            .data($$.arcData.bind($$));
        mainArc.enter().append('path')
            .attr("class", $$.classArc.bind($$))
            .style("fill", function (d) { return $$.color(d.data); })
            .style("cursor", function (d) { return config.data_selection_isselectable(d) ? "pointer" : null; })
            .style("opacity", 0)
            .each(function (d) {
                if ($$.isGaugeType(d.data)) {
                    d.startAngle = d.endAngle = -1 * (Math.PI / 2);
                }
                this._current = d;
            })
            .on('mouseover', function (d) {
                var updated, arcData;
                if ($$.transiting) { // skip while transiting
                    return;
                }
                updated = $$.updateAngle(d);
                arcData = $$.convertToArcData(updated);
                // transitions
                $$.expandArc(updated.data.id);
                $$.toggleFocusLegend(updated.data.id, true);
                $$.config.data_onmouseover(arcData, this);
            })
            .on('mousemove', function (d) {
                var updated = $$.updateAngle(d),
                    arcData = $$.convertToArcData(updated),
                    selectedData = [arcData];
                $$.showTooltip(selectedData, d3.mouse(this));
            })
            .on('mouseout', function (d) {
                var updated, arcData;
                if ($$.transiting) { // skip while transiting
                    return;
                }
                updated = $$.updateAngle(d);
                arcData = $$.convertToArcData(updated);
                // transitions
                $$.unexpandArc(updated.data.id);
                $$.revertLegend();
                $$.hideTooltip();
                $$.config.data_onmouseout(arcData, this);
            })
            .on('click', function (d, i) {
                var updated, arcData;
                if (!$$.toggleShape) {
                    return;
                }
                updated = $$.updateAngle(d);
                arcData = $$.convertToArcData(updated);
                $$.toggleShape(this, arcData, i); // onclick called in toogleShape()
            });
        mainArc
            .attr("transform", function (d) { return !$$.isGaugeType(d.data) && withTransform ? "scale(0)" : ""; })
            .style("opacity", function (d) { return d === this._current ? 0 : 1; })
            .each(function () { $$.transiting = true; })
            .transition().duration(duration)
            .attrTween("d", function (d) {
                var updated = $$.updateAngle(d), interpolate;
                if (! updated) {
                    return function () { return "M 0 0"; };
                }
                //                if (this._current === d) {
                //                    this._current = {
                //                        startAngle: Math.PI*2,
                //                        endAngle: Math.PI*2,
                //                    };
                //                }
                if (isNaN(this._current.endAngle)) {
                    this._current.endAngle = this._current.startAngle;
                }
                interpolate = d3.interpolate(this._current, updated);
                this._current = interpolate(0);
                return function (t) { return $$.getArc(interpolate(t), true); };
            })
            .attr("transform", withTransform ? "scale(1)" : "")
            .style("fill", function (d) {
                return $$.levelColor ? $$.levelColor(d.data.values[0].value) : $$.color(d.data.id);
            }) // Where gauge reading color would receive customization.
            .style("opacity", 1)
            .call($$.endall, function () {
                $$.transiting = false;
            });
        mainArc.exit().transition().duration(durationForExit)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();
        main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartArc).select('text')
            .style("opacity", 0)
            .attr('class', function (d) { return $$.isGaugeType(d.data) ? CLASS.gaugeValue : ''; })
            .text($$.textForArcLabel.bind($$))
            .attr("transform", $$.transformForArcLabel.bind($$))
            .transition().duration(duration)
            .style("opacity", function (d) { return $$.isTargetToShow(d.data.id) && $$.isArcType(d.data) ? 1 : 0; });
        main.select('.' + CLASS.chartArcsTitle)
            .style("opacity", $$.hasType('donut') || $$.hasType('gauge') ? 1 : 0);

    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.initGauge = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, arcs = $$.arcs;
        if ($$.hasType('gauge')) {
            arcs.append('path')
                .attr("class", CLASS.chartArcsBackground)
                .attr("d", function () {
                    var d = {
                        data: [{value: config.gauge_max}],
                        startAngle: -1 * (Math.PI / 2),
                        endAngle: Math.PI / 2
                    };
                    return $$.getArc(d, true, true);
                });
            arcs.append("text")
                .attr("dy", ".75em")
                .attr("class", CLASS.chartArcsGaugeUnit)
                .style("text-anchor", "middle")
                .style("pointer-events", "none")
                .text(config.gauge_label_show ? config.gauge_units : '');
            arcs.append("text")
                .attr("dx", -1 * ($$.innerRadius + (($$.radius - $$.innerRadius) / 2)) + "px")
                .attr("dy", "1.2em")
                .attr("class", CLASS.chartArcsGaugeMin)
                .style("text-anchor", "middle")
                .style("pointer-events", "none")
                .text(config.gauge_label_show ? config.gauge_min : '');
            arcs.append("text")
                .attr("dx", $$.innerRadius + (($$.radius - $$.innerRadius) / 2) + "px")
                .attr("dy", "1.2em")
                .attr("class", CLASS.chartArcsGaugeMax)
                .style("text-anchor", "middle")
                .style("pointer-events", "none")
                .text(config.gauge_label_show ? config.gauge_max : '');
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initRegion = function () {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.main.append('g')
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPath)
            .attr("class", CLASS.regions);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawRegion = function (duration) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        $$.mainRegion = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.regions).selectAll('.' + CLASS.region)
            .data(config.regions);
        $$.mainRegion.enter().append('g')
            .attr('class', $$.classRegion.bind($$))
          .append('rect')
            .style("fill-opacity", 0);
        $$.mainRegion.exit().transition().duration(duration)
            .style("opacity", 0)
            .remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addTransitionForRegion = function (transitions) {
        var $$ = this,
            x = $$.regionX.bind($$),
            y = $$.regionY.bind($$),
            w = $$.regionWidth.bind($$),
            h = $$.regionHeight.bind($$);
        transitions.push($$.mainRegion.selectAll('rect').transition()
                         .attr("x", x)
                         .attr("y", y)
                         .attr("width", w)
                         .attr("height", h)
                         .style("fill-opacity", function (d) { return isValue(d.opacity) ? d.opacity : 0.1; }));
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.regionX = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            xPos, yScale = d.axis === 'y' ? $$.y : $$.y2;
        if (d.axis === 'y' || d.axis === 'y2') {
            xPos = config.axis_rotated ? ('start' in d ? yScale(d.start) : 0) : 0;
        } else {
            xPos = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : ('start' in d ? $$.x($$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(d.start) : d.start) : 0);
        }
        return xPos;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.regionY = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            yPos, yScale = d.axis === 'y' ? $$.y : $$.y2;
        if (d.axis === 'y' || d.axis === 'y2') {
            yPos = config.axis_rotated ? 0 : ('end' in d ? yScale(d.end) : 0);
        } else {
            yPos = config.axis_rotated ? ('start' in d ? $$.x($$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(d.start) : d.start) : 0) : 0;
        }
        return yPos;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.regionWidth = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            start = $$.regionX(d), end, yScale = d.axis === 'y' ? $$.y : $$.y2;
        if (d.axis === 'y' || d.axis === 'y2') {
            end = config.axis_rotated ? ('end' in d ? yScale(d.end) : $$.width) : $$.width;
        } else {
            end = config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : ('end' in d ? $$.x($$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(d.end) : d.end) : $$.width);
        }
        return end < start ? 0 : end - start;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.regionHeight = function (d) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            start = this.regionY(d), end, yScale = d.axis === 'y' ? $$.y : $$.y2;
        if (d.axis === 'y' || d.axis === 'y2') {
            end = config.axis_rotated ? $$.height : ('start' in d ? yScale(d.start) : $$.height);
        } else {
            end = config.axis_rotated ? ('end' in d ? $$.x($$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(d.end) : d.end) : $$.height) : $$.height;
        }
        return end < start ? 0 : end - start;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.isRegionOnX = function (d) {
        return !d.axis || d.axis === 'x';
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.drag = function (mouse) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, main = $$.main, d3 = $$.d3;
        var sx, sy, mx, my, minX, maxX, minY, maxY;

        if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }
        if (! config.data_selection_enabled) { return; } // do nothing if not selectable
        if (config.zoom_enabled && ! $$.zoom.altDomain) { return; } // skip if zoomable because of conflict drag dehavior
        if (!config.data_selection_multiple) { return; } // skip when single selection because drag is used for multiple selection

        sx = $$.dragStart[0];
        sy = $$.dragStart[1];
        mx = mouse[0];
        my = mouse[1];
        minX = Math.min(sx, mx);
        maxX = Math.max(sx, mx);
        minY = (config.data_selection_grouped) ? $$.margin.top : Math.min(sy, my);
        maxY = (config.data_selection_grouped) ? $$.height : Math.max(sy, my);

        main.select('.' + CLASS.dragarea)
            .attr('x', minX)
            .attr('y', minY)
            .attr('width', maxX - minX)
            .attr('height', maxY - minY);
        // TODO: binary search when multiple xs
        main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shapes).selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape)
            .filter(function (d) { return config.data_selection_isselectable(d); })
            .each(function (d, i) {
                var shape = d3.select(this),
                    isSelected = shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED),
                    isIncluded = shape.classed(CLASS.INCLUDED),
                    _x, _y, _w, _h, toggle, isWithin = false, box;
                if (shape.classed(CLASS.circle)) {
                    _x = shape.attr("cx") * 1;
                    _y = shape.attr("cy") * 1;
                    toggle = $$.togglePoint;
                    isWithin = minX < _x && _x < maxX && minY < _y && _y < maxY;
                }
                else if (shape.classed(CLASS.bar)) {
                    box = getPathBox(this);
                    _x = box.x;
                    _y = box.y;
                    _w = box.width;
                    _h = box.height;
                    toggle = $$.toggleBar;
                    isWithin = !(maxX < _x || _x + _w < minX) && !(maxY < _y || _y + _h < minY);
                } else {
                    // line/area selection not supported yet
                    return;
                }
                if (isWithin ^ isIncluded) {
                    shape.classed(CLASS.INCLUDED, !isIncluded);
                    // TODO: included/unincluded callback here
                    shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED, !isSelected);
                    toggle.call($$, !isSelected, shape, d, i);
                }
            });
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.dragstart = function (mouse) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }
        if (! config.data_selection_enabled) { return; } // do nothing if not selectable
        $$.dragStart = mouse;
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append('rect')
            .attr('class', CLASS.dragarea)
            .style('opacity', 0.1);
        $$.dragging = true;
        $$.config.data_ondragstart();
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.dragend = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config;
        if ($$.hasArcType()) { return; }
        if (! config.data_selection_enabled) { return; } // do nothing if not selectable
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.dragarea)
            .transition().duration(100)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();
        $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape)
            .classed(CLASS.INCLUDED, false);
        $$.dragging = false;
        $$.config.data_ondragend();
    };


    c3_chart_internal_fn.selectPoint = function (target, d, i) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            cx = (config.axis_rotated ? $$.circleY : $$.circleX).bind($$),
            cy = (config.axis_rotated ? $$.circleX : $$.circleY).bind($$),
            r = $$.pointSelectR.bind($$);
        config.data_onselected.call($$.api, d, target.node());
        // add selected-circle on low layer g
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.selectedCircles + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(d.id)).selectAll('.' + CLASS.selectedCircle + '-' + i)
            .data([d])
            .enter().append('circle')
            .attr("class", function () { return $$.generateClass(CLASS.selectedCircle, i); })
            .attr("cx", cx)
            .attr("cy", cy)
            .attr("stroke", function () { return $$.color(d); })
            .attr("r", function (d) { return $$.pointSelectR(d) * 1.4; })
            .transition().duration(100)
            .attr("r", r);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.unselectPoint = function (target, d, i) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.config.data_onunselected(d, target.node());
        // remove selected-circle from low layer g
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.selectedCircles + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(d.id)).selectAll('.' + CLASS.selectedCircle + '-' + i)
            .transition().duration(100).attr('r', 0)
            .remove();
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.togglePoint = function (selected, target, d, i) {
        selected ? this.selectPoint(target, d, i) : this.unselectPoint(target, d, i);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.selectBar = function (target, d) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.config.data_onselected.call($$, d, target.node());
        target.transition().duration(100)
            .style("fill", function () { return $$.d3.rgb($$.color(d)).brighter(0.75); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.unselectBar = function (target, d) {
        var $$ = this;
        $$.config.data_onunselected.call($$, d, target.node());
        target.transition().duration(100)
            .style("fill", function () { return $$.color(d); });
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.toggleBar = function (selected, target, d, i) {
        selected ? this.selectBar(target, d, i) : this.unselectBar(target, d, i);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.toggleArc = function (selected, target, d, i) {
        this.toggleBar(selected, target, d.data, i);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getToggle = function (that) {
        var $$ = this;
        // path selection not supported yet
        return that.nodeName === 'circle' ? $$.togglePoint : ($$.d3.select(that).classed(CLASS.bar) ? $$.toggleBar : $$.toggleArc);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.toggleShape = function (that, d, i) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config,
            shape = d3.select(that), isSelected = shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED), isWithin, toggle;
        if (that.nodeName === 'circle') {
            isWithin = $$.isWithinCircle(that, $$.pointSelectR(d) * 1.5);
            toggle = $$.togglePoint;
        }
        else if (that.nodeName === 'path') {
            if (shape.classed(CLASS.bar)) {
                isWithin = $$.isWithinBar(that);
                toggle = $$.toggleBar;
            } else { // would be arc
                isWithin = true;
                toggle = $$.toggleArc;
            }
        }
        if (config.data_selection_grouped || isWithin) {
            if (config.data_selection_enabled && config.data_selection_isselectable(d)) {
                if (!config.data_selection_multiple) {
                    $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shapes + (config.data_selection_grouped ? $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(d.id) : "")).selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape).each(function (d, i) {
                        var shape = d3.select(this);
                        if (shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED)) { toggle.call($$, false, shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED, false), d, i); }
                    });
                }
                shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED, !isSelected);
                toggle.call($$, !isSelected, shape, d, i);
            }
            $$.config.data_onclick.call($$.api, d, that);
        }
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initBrush = function () {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3;
        $$.brush = d3.svg.brush().on("brush", function () { $$.redrawForBrush(); });
        $$.brush.update = function () {
            if ($$.context) { $$.context.select('.' + CLASS.brush).call(this); }
            return this;
        };
        $$.brush.scale = function (scale) {
            return $$.config.axis_rotated ? this.y(scale) : this.x(scale);
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.initSubchart = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            context = $$.context = $$.svg.append("g").attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('context'));

        if (!config.subchart_show) {
            context.style('visibility', 'hidden');
        }

        // Define g for chart area
        context.append('g')
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPath)
            .attr('class', CLASS.chart);

        // Define g for bar chart area
        context.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.chartBars);

        // Define g for line chart area
        context.select('.' + CLASS.chart).append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.chartLines);

        // Add extent rect for Brush
        context.append("g")
            .attr("clip-path", $$.clipPath)
            .attr("class", CLASS.brush)
            .call($$.brush)
            .selectAll("rect")
            .attr(config.axis_rotated ? "width" : "height", config.axis_rotated ? $$.width2 : $$.height2);

        // ATTENTION: This must be called AFTER chart added
        // Add Axis
        $$.axes.subx = context.append("g")
            .attr("class", CLASS.axisX)
            .attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('subx'))
            .attr("clip-path", config.axis_rotated ? "" : $$.clipPathForXAxis);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateTargetsForSubchart = function (targets) {
        var $$ = this, context = $$.context, config = $$.config,
            contextLineEnter, contextLineUpdate, contextBarEnter, contextBarUpdate,
            classChartBar = $$.classChartBar.bind($$),
            classBars = $$.classBars.bind($$),
            classChartLine = $$.classChartLine.bind($$),
            classLines = $$.classLines.bind($$),
            classAreas = $$.classAreas.bind($$);

        if (config.subchart_show) {
            contextBarUpdate = context.select('.' + CLASS.chartBars).selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartBar)
                .data(targets)
                .attr('class', classChartBar);
            contextBarEnter = contextBarUpdate.enter().append('g')
                .style('opacity', 0)
                .attr('class', classChartBar);
            // Bars for each data
            contextBarEnter.append('g')
                .attr("class", classBars);

            //-- Line --//
            contextLineUpdate = context.select('.' + CLASS.chartLines).selectAll('.' + CLASS.chartLine)
                .data(targets)
                .attr('class', classChartLine);
            contextLineEnter = contextLineUpdate.enter().append('g')
                .style('opacity', 0)
                .attr('class', classChartLine);
            // Lines for each data
            contextLineEnter.append("g")
                .attr("class", classLines);
            // Area
            contextLineEnter.append("g")
                .attr("class", classAreas);
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawSubchart = function (withSubchart, transitions, duration, durationForExit, areaIndices, barIndices, lineIndices) {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, context = $$.context, config = $$.config,
            contextLine,  contextArea, contextBar, drawAreaOnSub, drawBarOnSub, drawLineOnSub,
            barData = $$.barData.bind($$),
            lineData = $$.lineData.bind($$),
            classBar = $$.classBar.bind($$),
            classLine = $$.classLine.bind($$),
            classArea = $$.classArea.bind($$),
            initialOpacity = $$.initialOpacity.bind($$);

        // subchart
        if (config.subchart_show) {
            // reflect main chart to extent on subchart if zoomed
            if (d3.event && d3.event.type === 'zoom') {
                $$.brush.extent($$.x.orgDomain()).update();
            }
            // update subchart elements if needed
            if (withSubchart) {

                // rotate tick text if needed
                if (!config.axis_rotated && config.axis_x_tick_rotate) {
                    $$.rotateTickText($$.axes.subx, transitions.axisSubX, config.axis_x_tick_rotate);
                }

                // extent rect
                if (!$$.brush.empty()) {
                    $$.brush.extent($$.x.orgDomain()).update();
                }
                // setup drawer - MEMO: this must be called after axis updated
                drawAreaOnSub = $$.generateDrawArea(areaIndices, true);
                drawBarOnSub = $$.generateDrawBar(barIndices, true);
                drawLineOnSub = $$.generateDrawLine(lineIndices, true);
                // bars
                contextBar = context.selectAll('.' + CLASS.bars).selectAll('.' + CLASS.bar)
                    .data(barData);
                contextBar.enter().append('path')
                    .attr("class", classBar)
                    .style("stroke", 'none')
                    .style("fill", $$.color);
                contextBar
                    .style("opacity", initialOpacity)
                    .transition().duration(duration)
                    .attr('d', drawBarOnSub)
                    .style('opacity', 1);
                contextBar.exit().transition().duration(duration)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .remove();
                // lines
                contextLine = context.selectAll('.' + CLASS.lines).selectAll('.' + CLASS.line)
                    .data(lineData);
                contextLine.enter().append('path')
                    .attr('class', classLine)
                    .style('stroke', $$.color);
                contextLine
                    .style("opacity", initialOpacity)
                    .transition().duration(duration)
                    .attr("d", drawLineOnSub)
                    .style('opacity', 1);
                contextLine.exit().transition().duration(duration)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .remove();
                // area
                contextArea = context.selectAll('.' + CLASS.areas).selectAll('.' + CLASS.area)
                    .data(lineData);
                contextArea.enter().append('path')
                    .attr("class", classArea)
                    .style("fill", $$.color)
                    .style("opacity", function () { $$.orgAreaOpacity = +d3.select(this).style('opacity'); return 0; });
                contextArea
                    .style("opacity", 0)
                    .transition().duration(duration)
                    .attr("d", drawAreaOnSub)
                    .style("fill", $$.color)
                    .style("opacity", $$.orgAreaOpacity);
                contextArea.exit().transition().duration(durationForExit)
                    .style('opacity', 0)
                    .remove();
            }
        }
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawForBrush = function () {
        var $$ = this, x = $$.x;
        $$.redraw({
            withTransition: false,
            withY: false,
            withSubchart: false,
            withUpdateXDomain: true
        });
        $$.config.subchart_onbrush.call($$.api, x.orgDomain());
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.transformContext = function (withTransition, transitions) {
        var $$ = this, subXAxis;
        if (transitions && transitions.axisSubX) {
            subXAxis = transitions.axisSubX;
        } else {
            subXAxis = $$.context.select('.' + CLASS.axisX);
            if (withTransition) { subXAxis = subXAxis.transition(); }
        }
        $$.context.attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('context'));
        subXAxis.attr("transform", $$.getTranslate('subx'));
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.initZoom = function () {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        $$.zoom = d3.behavior.zoom()
            .on("zoomstart", function () {
                $$.zoom.altDomain = d3.event.sourceEvent.altKey ? $$.x.orgDomain() : null;
            })
            .on("zoom", function () { $$.redrawForZoom.call($$); });
        $$.zoom.scale = function (scale) {
            return config.axis_rotated ? this.y(scale) : this.x(scale);
        };
        $$.zoom.orgScaleExtent = function () {
            var extent = config.zoom_extent ? config.zoom_extent : [1, 10];
            return [extent[0], Math.max($$.getMaxDataCount() / extent[1], extent[1])];
        };
        $$.zoom.updateScaleExtent = function () {
            var ratio = diffDomain($$.x.orgDomain()) / diffDomain($$.orgXDomain),
                extent = this.orgScaleExtent();
            this.scaleExtent([extent[0] * ratio, extent[1] * ratio]);
            return this;
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.updateZoom = function () {
        var $$ = this, z = $$.config.zoom_enabled ? $$.zoom : function () {};
        $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.zoomRect).call(z);
        $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.eventRect).call(z);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.redrawForZoom = function () {
        var $$ = this, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config, zoom = $$.zoom, x = $$.x, orgXDomain = $$.orgXDomain;
        if (!config.zoom_enabled) {
            return;
        }
        if ($$.filterTargetsToShow($$.data.targets).length === 0) {
            return;
        }
        if (d3.event.sourceEvent.type === 'mousemove' && zoom.altDomain) {
            x.domain(zoom.altDomain);
            zoom.scale(x).updateScaleExtent();
            return;
        }
        if ($$.isCategorized() && x.orgDomain()[0] === orgXDomain[0]) {
            x.domain([orgXDomain[0] - 1e-10, x.orgDomain()[1]]);
        }
        $$.redraw({
            withTransition: false,
            withY: false,
            withSubchart: false
        });
        if (d3.event.sourceEvent.type === 'mousemove') {
            $$.cancelClick = true;
        }
        config.zoom_onzoom.call($$.api, x.orgDomain());
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateColor = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, d3 = $$.d3,
            colors = config.data_colors,
            pattern = notEmpty(config.color_pattern) ? config.color_pattern : d3.scale.category10().range(),
            callback = config.data_color,
            ids = [];

        return function (d) {
            var id = d.id || d, color;

            // if callback function is provided
            if (colors[id] instanceof Function) {
                color = colors[id](d);
            }
            // if specified, choose that color
            else if (colors[id]) {
                color = colors[id];
            }
            // if not specified, choose from pattern
            else {
                if (ids.indexOf(id) < 0) { ids.push(id); }
                color = pattern[ids.indexOf(id) % pattern.length];
                colors[id] = color;
            }
            return callback instanceof Function ? callback(color, d) : color;
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateLevelColor = function () {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            colors = config.color_pattern,
            threshold = config.color_threshold,
            asValue = threshold.unit === 'value',
            values = threshold.values && threshold.values.length ? threshold.values : [],
            max = threshold.max || 100;
        return notEmpty(config.color_threshold) ? function (value) {
            var i, v, color = colors[colors.length - 1];
            for (i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
                v = asValue ? value : (value * 100 / max);
                if (v < values[i]) {
                    color = colors[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            return color;
        } : null;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.getYFormat = function (forArc) {
        var $$ = this,
            formatForY = forArc && !$$.hasType('gauge') ? $$.defaultArcValueFormat : $$.yFormat,
            formatForY2 = forArc && !$$.hasType('gauge') ? $$.defaultArcValueFormat : $$.y2Format;
        return function (v, ratio, id) {
            var format = $$.getAxisId(id) === 'y2' ? formatForY2 : formatForY;
            return format.call($$, v, ratio);
        };
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.yFormat = function (v) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            format = config.axis_y_tick_format ? config.axis_y_tick_format : $$.defaultValueFormat;
        return format(v);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.y2Format = function (v) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config,
            format = config.axis_y2_tick_format ? config.axis_y2_tick_format : $$.defaultValueFormat;
        return format(v);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.defaultValueFormat = function (v) {
        return isValue(v) ? +v : "";
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.defaultArcValueFormat = function (v, ratio) {
        return (ratio * 100).toFixed(1) + '%';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.formatByAxisId = function (axisId) {
        var $$ = this, data_labels = $$.config.data_labels,
            format = function (v) { return isValue(v) ? +v : ""; };
        // find format according to axis id
        if (typeof data_labels.format === 'function') {
            format = data_labels.format;
        } else if (typeof data_labels.format === 'object') {
            if (data_labels.format[axisId]) {
                format = data_labels.format[axisId];
            }
        }
        return format;
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.hasCaches = function (ids) {
        for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            if (! (ids[i] in this.cache)) { return false; }
        }
        return true;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.addCache = function (id, target) {
        this.cache[id] = this.cloneTarget(target);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getCaches = function (ids) {
        var targets = [], i;
        for (i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            if (ids[i] in this.cache) { targets.push(this.cloneTarget(this.cache[ids[i]])); }
        }
        return targets;
    };

    var CLASS = c3_chart_internal_fn.CLASS = {
        target: 'c3-target',
        chart: 'c3-chart',
        chartLine: 'c3-chart-line',
        chartLines: 'c3-chart-lines',
        chartBar: 'c3-chart-bar',
        chartBars: 'c3-chart-bars',
        chartText: 'c3-chart-text',
        chartTexts: 'c3-chart-texts',
        chartArc: 'c3-chart-arc',
        chartArcs: 'c3-chart-arcs',
        chartArcsTitle: 'c3-chart-arcs-title',
        chartArcsBackground: 'c3-chart-arcs-background',
        chartArcsGaugeUnit: 'c3-chart-arcs-gauge-unit',
        chartArcsGaugeMax: 'c3-chart-arcs-gauge-max',
        chartArcsGaugeMin: 'c3-chart-arcs-gauge-min',
        selectedCircle: 'c3-selected-circle',
        selectedCircles: 'c3-selected-circles',
        eventRect: 'c3-event-rect',
        eventRects: 'c3-event-rects',
        eventRectsSingle: 'c3-event-rects-single',
        eventRectsMultiple: 'c3-event-rects-multiple',
        zoomRect: 'c3-zoom-rect',
        brush: 'c3-brush',
        focused: 'c3-focused',
        region: 'c3-region',
        regions: 'c3-regions',
        tooltip: 'c3-tooltip',
        tooltipName: 'c3-tooltip-name',
        shape: 'c3-shape',
        shapes: 'c3-shapes',
        line: 'c3-line',
        lines: 'c3-lines',
        bar: 'c3-bar',
        bars: 'c3-bars',
        circle: 'c3-circle',
        circles: 'c3-circles',
        arc: 'c3-arc',
        arcs: 'c3-arcs',
        area: 'c3-area',
        areas: 'c3-areas',
        empty: 'c3-empty',
        text: 'c3-text',
        texts: 'c3-texts',
        gaugeValue: 'c3-gauge-value',
        grid: 'c3-grid',
        xgrid: 'c3-xgrid',
        xgrids: 'c3-xgrids',
        xgridLine: 'c3-xgrid-line',
        xgridLines: 'c3-xgrid-lines',
        xgridFocus: 'c3-xgrid-focus',
        ygrid: 'c3-ygrid',
        ygrids: 'c3-ygrids',
        ygridLine: 'c3-ygrid-line',
        ygridLines: 'c3-ygrid-lines',
        axis: 'c3-axis',
        axisX: 'c3-axis-x',
        axisXLabel: 'c3-axis-x-label',
        axisY: 'c3-axis-y',
        axisYLabel: 'c3-axis-y-label',
        axisY2: 'c3-axis-y2',
        axisY2Label: 'c3-axis-y2-label',
        legendBackground: 'c3-legend-background',
        legendItem: 'c3-legend-item',
        legendItemEvent: 'c3-legend-item-event',
        legendItemTile: 'c3-legend-item-tile',
        legendItemHidden: 'c3-legend-item-hidden',
        legendItemFocused: 'c3-legend-item-focused',
        dragarea: 'c3-dragarea',
        EXPANDED: '_expanded_',
        SELECTED: '_selected_',
        INCLUDED: '_included_'
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateClass = function (prefix, targetId) {
        return " " + prefix + " " + prefix + this.getTargetSelectorSuffix(targetId);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classText = function (d) {
        return this.generateClass(CLASS.text, d.index);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classTexts = function (d) {
        return this.generateClass(CLASS.texts, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classShape = function (d) {
        return this.generateClass(CLASS.shape, d.index);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classShapes = function (d) {
        return this.generateClass(CLASS.shapes, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classLine = function (d) {
        return this.classShape(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.line, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classLines = function (d) {
        return this.classShapes(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.lines, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classCircle = function (d) {
        return this.classShape(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.circle, d.index);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classCircles = function (d) {
        return this.classShapes(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.circles, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classBar = function (d) {
        return this.classShape(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.bar, d.index);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classBars = function (d) {
        return this.classShapes(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.bars, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classArc = function (d) {
        return this.classShape(d.data) + this.generateClass(CLASS.arc, d.data.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classArcs = function (d) {
        return this.classShapes(d.data) + this.generateClass(CLASS.arcs, d.data.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classArea = function (d) {
        return this.classShape(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.area, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classAreas = function (d) {
        return this.classShapes(d) + this.generateClass(CLASS.areas, d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classRegion = function (d, i) {
        return this.generateClass(CLASS.region, i) + ' ' + ('class' in d ? d.class : '');
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classEvent = function (d) {
        return this.generateClass(CLASS.eventRect, d.index);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classTarget = function (id) {
        var $$ = this;
        var additionalClassSuffix = $$.config.data_classes[id], additionalClass = '';
        if (additionalClassSuffix) {
            additionalClass = ' ' + CLASS.target + '-' + additionalClassSuffix;
        }
        return $$.generateClass(CLASS.target, id) + additionalClass;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classChartText = function (d) {
        return CLASS.chartText + this.classTarget(d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classChartLine = function (d) {
        return CLASS.chartLine + this.classTarget(d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classChartBar = function (d) {
        return CLASS.chartBar + this.classTarget(d.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.classChartArc = function (d) {
        return CLASS.chartArc + this.classTarget(d.data.id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.getTargetSelectorSuffix = function (targetId) {
        return targetId || targetId === 0 ? '-' + (targetId.replace ? targetId.replace(/([^a-zA-Z0-9-_])/g, '-') : targetId) : '';
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.selectorTarget = function (id) {
        return '.' + CLASS.target + this.getTargetSelectorSuffix(id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.selectorTargets = function (ids) {
        var $$ = this;
        return ids.length ? ids.map(function (id) { return $$.selectorTarget(id); }) : null;
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.selectorLegend = function (id) {
        return '.' + CLASS.legendItem + this.getTargetSelectorSuffix(id);
    };
    c3_chart_internal_fn.selectorLegends = function (ids) {
        var $$ = this;
        return ids.length ? ids.map(function (id) { return $$.selectorLegend(id); }) : null;
    };

    var isValue = c3_chart_internal_fn.isValue = function (v) {
        return v || v === 0;
    },
        isFunction = c3_chart_internal_fn.isFunction = function (o) {
            return typeof o === 'function';
        },
        isString = c3_chart_internal_fn.isString = function (o) {
            return typeof o === 'string';
        },
        isUndefined = c3_chart_internal_fn.isUndefined = function (v) {
            return typeof v === 'undefined';
        },
        isDefined = c3_chart_internal_fn.isDefined = function (v) {
            return typeof v !== 'undefined';
        },
        ceil10 = c3_chart_internal_fn.ceil10 = function (v) {
            return Math.ceil(v / 10) * 10;
        },
        asHalfPixel = c3_chart_internal_fn.asHalfPixel = function (n) {
            return Math.ceil(n) + 0.5;
        },
        diffDomain = c3_chart_internal_fn.diffDomain = function (d) {
            return d[1] - d[0];
        },
        isEmpty = c3_chart_internal_fn.isEmpty = function (o) {
            return !o || (isString(o) && o.length === 0) || (typeof o === 'object' && Object.keys(o).length === 0);
        },
        notEmpty = c3_chart_internal_fn.notEmpty = function (o) {
            return Object.keys(o).length > 0;
        },
        getOption = c3_chart_internal_fn.getOption = function (options, key, defaultValue) {
            return isDefined(options[key]) ? options[key] : defaultValue;
        },
        hasValue = c3_chart_internal_fn.hasValue = function (dict, value) {
            var found = false;
            Object.keys(dict).forEach(function (key) {
                if (dict[key] === value) { found = true; }
            });
            return found;
        },
        getPathBox = c3_chart_internal_fn.getPathBox = function (path) {
            var box = path.getBoundingClientRect(),
                items = [path.pathSegList.getItem(0), path.pathSegList.getItem(1)],
                minX = items[0].x, minY = Math.min(items[0].y, items[1].y);
            return {x: minX, y: minY, width: box.width, height: box.height};
        };

    c3_chart_fn.focus = function (targetId) {
        var $$ = this.internal,
            candidates = $$.svg.selectAll($$.selectorTarget(targetId)),
            candidatesForNoneArc = candidates.filter($$.isNoneArc.bind($$)),
            candidatesForArc = candidates.filter($$.isArc.bind($$));
        function focus(targets) {
            $$.filterTargetsToShow(targets).transition().duration(100).style('opacity', 1);
        }
        this.revert();
        this.defocus();
        focus(candidatesForNoneArc.classed(CLASS.focused, true));
        focus(candidatesForArc);
        if ($$.hasArcType()) {
            $$.expandArc(targetId, true);
        }
        $$.toggleFocusLegend(targetId, true);
    };

    c3_chart_fn.defocus = function (targetId) {
        var $$ = this.internal,
            candidates = $$.svg.selectAll($$.selectorTarget(targetId)),
            candidatesForNoneArc = candidates.filter($$.isNoneArc.bind($$)),
            candidatesForArc = candidates.filter($$.isArc.bind($$));
        function defocus(targets) {
            $$.filterTargetsToShow(targets).transition().duration(100).style('opacity', 0.3);
        }
        this.revert();
        defocus(candidatesForNoneArc.classed(CLASS.focused, false));
        defocus(candidatesForArc);
        if ($$.hasArcType()) {
            $$.unexpandArc(targetId);
        }
        $$.toggleFocusLegend(targetId, false);
    };

    c3_chart_fn.revert = function (targetId) {
        var $$ = this.internal,
            candidates = $$.svg.selectAll($$.selectorTarget(targetId)),
            candidatesForNoneArc = candidates.filter($$.isNoneArc.bind($$)),
            candidatesForArc = candidates.filter($$.isArc.bind($$));
        function revert(targets) {
            $$.filterTargetsToShow(targets).transition().duration(100).style('opacity', 1);
        }
        revert(candidatesForNoneArc.classed(CLASS.focused, false));
        revert(candidatesForArc);
        if ($$.hasArcType()) {
            $$.unexpandArc(targetId);
        }
        $$.revertLegend();
    };

    c3_chart_fn.show = function (targetIds, options) {
        var $$ = this.internal;

        targetIds = $$.mapToTargetIds(targetIds);
        options = options || {};

        $$.removeHiddenTargetIds(targetIds);
        $$.svg.selectAll($$.selectorTargets(targetIds))
            .transition()
            .style('opacity', 1);

        if (options.withLegend) {
            $$.showLegend(targetIds);
        }

        $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true, withLegend: true});
    };

    c3_chart_fn.hide = function (targetIds, options) {
        var $$ = this.internal;

        targetIds = $$.mapToTargetIds(targetIds);
        options = options || {};

        $$.addHiddenTargetIds(targetIds);
        $$.svg.selectAll($$.selectorTargets(targetIds))
            .transition()
            .style('opacity', 0);

        if (options.withLegend) {
            $$.hideLegend(targetIds);
        }

        $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true, withLegend: true});
    };

    c3_chart_fn.toggle = function (targetId) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.isTargetToShow(targetId) ? this.hide(targetId) : this.show(targetId);
    };

    c3_chart_fn.zoom = function () {
    };
    c3_chart_fn.zoom.enable = function (enabled) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.config.zoom_enabled = enabled;
        $$.updateAndRedraw();
    };
    c3_chart_fn.unzoom = function () {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.brush.clear().update();
        $$.redraw({withUpdateXDomain: true});
    };

    c3_chart_fn.load = function (args) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        // update xs if specified
        if (args.xs) {
            $$.addXs(args.xs);
        }
        // update classes if exists
        if ('classes' in args) {
            Object.keys(args.classes).forEach(function (id) {
                config.data_classes[id] = args.classes[id];
            });
        }
        // update categories if exists
        if ('categories' in args && $$.isCategorized()) {
            config.axis_x_categories = args.categories;
        }
        // use cache if exists
        if ('cacheIds' in args && $$.hasCaches(args.cacheIds)) {
            $$.load($$.getCaches(args.cacheIds), args.done);
            return;
        }
        // unload if needed
        if ('unload' in args) {
            // TODO: do not unload if target will load (included in url/rows/columns)
            $$.unload($$.mapToTargetIds((typeof args.unload === 'boolean' && args.unload) ? null : args.unload), function () {
                $$.loadFromArgs(args);
            });
        } else {
            $$.loadFromArgs(args);
        }
    };

    c3_chart_fn.unload = function (args) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        args = args || {};
        $$.unload($$.mapToTargetIds(args.ids), function () {
            $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true, withLegend: true});
            if (args.done) { args.done(); }
        });
    };

    c3_chart_fn.flow = function (args) {
        var $$ = this.internal,
            targets, data, notfoundIds = [], orgDataCount = $$.getMaxDataCount(),
            dataCount, domain, baseTarget, baseValue, length = 0, tail = 0, diff, to;

        if (args.json) {
            data = $$.convertJsonToData(args.json, args.keys);
        }
        else if (args.rows) {
            data = $$.convertRowsToData(args.rows);
        }
        else if (args.columns) {
            data = $$.convertColumnsToData(args.columns);
        }
        else {
            return;
        }
        targets = $$.convertDataToTargets(data, true);

        // Update/Add data
        $$.data.targets.forEach(function (t) {
            var found = false, i, j;
            for (i = 0; i < targets.length; i++) {
                if (t.id === targets[i].id) {
                    found = true;

                    if (t.values[t.values.length - 1]) {
                        tail = t.values[t.values.length - 1].index + 1;
                    }
                    length = targets[i].values.length;

                    for (j = 0; j < length; j++) {
                        targets[i].values[j].index = tail + j;
                        if (!$$.isTimeSeries()) {
                            targets[i].values[j].x = tail + j;
                        }
                    }
                    t.values = t.values.concat(targets[i].values);

                    targets.splice(i, 1);
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!found) { notfoundIds.push(t.id); }
        });

        // Append null for not found targets
        $$.data.targets.forEach(function (t) {
            var i, j;
            for (i = 0; i < notfoundIds.length; i++) {
                if (t.id === notfoundIds[i]) {
                    tail = t.values[t.values.length - 1].index + 1;
                    for (j = 0; j < length; j++) {
                        t.values.push({
                            id: t.id,
                            index: tail + j,
                            x: $$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.getOtherTargetX(tail + j) : tail + j,
                            value: null
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
        });

        // Generate null values for new target
        if ($$.data.targets.length) {
            targets.forEach(function (t) {
                var i, missing = [];
                for (i = $$.data.targets[0].values[0].index; i < tail; i++) {
                    missing.push({
                        id: t.id,
                        index: i,
                        x: $$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.getOtherTargetX(i) : i,
                        value: null
                    });
                }
                t.values.forEach(function (v) {
                    v.index += tail;
                    if (!$$.isTimeSeries()) {
                        v.x += tail;
                    }
                });
                t.values = missing.concat(t.values);
            });
        }
        $$.data.targets = $$.data.targets.concat(targets); // add remained

        // check data count because behavior needs to change when it's only one
        dataCount = $$.getMaxDataCount();
        baseTarget = $$.data.targets[0];
        baseValue = baseTarget.values[0];

        // Update length to flow if needed
        if (isDefined(args.to)) {
            length = 0;
            to = $$.isTimeSeries() ? $$.parseDate(args.to) : args.to;
            baseTarget.values.forEach(function (v) {
                if (v.x < to) { length++; }
            });
        } else if (isDefined(args.length)) {
            length = args.length;
        }

        // If only one data, update the domain to flow from left edge of the chart
        if (!orgDataCount) {
            if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
                if (baseTarget.values.length > 1) {
                    diff = baseTarget.values[baseTarget.values.length - 1].x - baseValue.x;
                } else {
                    diff = baseValue.x - $$.getXDomain($$.data.targets)[0];
                }
            } else {
                diff = 1;
            }
            domain = [baseValue.x - diff, baseValue.x];
            $$.updateXDomain(null, true, true, domain);
        } else if (orgDataCount === 1) {
            if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
                diff = (baseTarget.values[baseTarget.values.length - 1].x - baseValue.x) / 2;
                domain = [new Date(+baseValue.x - diff), new Date(+baseValue.x + diff)];
                $$.updateXDomain(null, true, true, domain);
            }
        }

        // Set targets
        $$.updateTargets($$.data.targets);

        // Redraw with new targets
        $$.redraw({
            flow: {
                index: baseValue.index,
                length: length,
                duration: isValue(args.duration) ? args.duration : $$.config.transition_duration,
                done: args.done,
                orgDataCount: orgDataCount,
            },
            withLegend: true,
            withTransition: orgDataCount > 1,
        });
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.generateFlow = function (args) {
        var $$ = this, config = $$.config, d3 = $$.d3;

        return function () {
            var targets = args.targets,
                flow = args.flow,
                drawBar = args.drawBar,
                drawLine = args.drawLine,
                drawArea = args.drawArea,
                cx = args.cx,
                cy = args.cy,
                xv = args.xv,
                xForText = args.xForText,
                yForText = args.yForText,
                duration = args.duration;

            var translateX, scaleX = 1, transform,
                flowIndex = flow.index,
                flowLength = flow.length,
                flowStart = $$.getValueOnIndex($$.data.targets[0].values, flowIndex),
                flowEnd = $$.getValueOnIndex($$.data.targets[0].values, flowIndex + flowLength),
                orgDomain = $$.x.domain(), domain,
                durationForFlow = flow.duration || duration,
                done = flow.done || function () {},
                wait = $$.generateWait();

            var xgrid = $$.xgrid || d3.selectAll([]),
                xgridLines = $$.xgridLines || d3.selectAll([]),
                mainRegion = $$.mainRegion || d3.selectAll([]),
                mainText = $$.mainText || d3.selectAll([]),
                mainBar = $$.mainBar || d3.selectAll([]),
                mainLine = $$.mainLine || d3.selectAll([]),
                mainArea = $$.mainArea || d3.selectAll([]),
                mainCircle = $$.mainCircle || d3.selectAll([]);

            // remove head data after rendered
            $$.data.targets.forEach(function (d) {
                d.values.splice(0, flowLength);
            });

            // update x domain to generate axis elements for flow
            domain = $$.updateXDomain(targets, true, true);
            // update elements related to x scale
            if ($$.updateXGrid) { $$.updateXGrid(true); }

            // generate transform to flow
            if (!flow.orgDataCount) { // if empty
                if ($$.data.targets[0].values.length !== 1) {
                    translateX = $$.x(orgDomain[0]) - $$.x(domain[0]);
                } else {
                    if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
                        flowStart = $$.getValueOnIndex($$.data.targets[0].values, 0);
                        flowEnd = $$.getValueOnIndex($$.data.targets[0].values, $$.data.targets[0].values.length - 1);
                        translateX = $$.x(flowStart.x) - $$.x(flowEnd.x);
                    } else {
                        translateX = diffDomain(domain) / 2;
                    }
                }
            } else if (flow.orgDataCount === 1 || flowStart.x === flowEnd.x) {
                translateX = $$.x(orgDomain[0]) - $$.x(domain[0]);
            } else {
                if ($$.isTimeSeries()) {
                    translateX = ($$.x(orgDomain[0]) - $$.x(domain[0]));
                } else {
                    translateX = ($$.x(flowStart.x) - $$.x(flowEnd.x));
                }
            }
            scaleX = (diffDomain(orgDomain) / diffDomain(domain));
            transform = 'translate(' + translateX + ',0) scale(' + scaleX + ',1)';

            d3.transition().ease('linear').duration(durationForFlow).each(function () {
                wait.add($$.axes.x.transition().call($$.xAxis));
                wait.add(mainBar.transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(mainLine.transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(mainArea.transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(mainCircle.transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(mainText.transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(mainRegion.filter($$.isRegionOnX).transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(xgrid.transition().attr('transform', transform));
                wait.add(xgridLines.transition().attr('transform', transform));
            })
            .call(wait, function () {
                var i, shapes = [], texts = [], eventRects = [];

                // remove flowed elements
                if (flowLength) {
                    for (i = 0; i < flowLength; i++) {
                        shapes.push('.' + CLASS.shape + '-' + (flowIndex + i));
                        texts.push('.' + CLASS.text + '-' + (flowIndex + i));
                        eventRects.push('.' + CLASS.eventRect + '-' + (flowIndex + i));
                    }
                    $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shapes).selectAll(shapes).remove();
                    $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.texts).selectAll(texts).remove();
                    $$.svg.selectAll('.' + CLASS.eventRects).selectAll(eventRects).remove();
                    $$.svg.select('.' + CLASS.xgrid).remove();
                }

                // draw again for removing flowed elements and reverting attr
                xgrid
                    .attr('transform', null)
                    .attr($$.xgridAttr);
                xgridLines
                    .attr('transform', null);
                xgridLines.select('line')
                    .attr("x1", config.axis_rotated ? 0 : xv)
                    .attr("x2", config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : xv);
                xgridLines.select('text')
                    .attr("x", config.axis_rotated ? $$.width : 0)
                    .attr("y", xv);
                mainBar
                    .attr('transform', null)
                    .attr("d", drawBar);
                mainLine
                    .attr('transform', null)
                    .attr("d", drawLine);
                mainArea
                    .attr('transform', null)
                    .attr("d", drawArea);
                mainCircle
                    .attr('transform', null)
                    .attr("cx", cx)
                    .attr("cy", cy);
                mainText
                    .attr('transform', null)
                    .attr('x', xForText)
                    .attr('y', yForText)
                    .style('fill-opacity', $$.opacityForText.bind($$));
                mainRegion
                    .attr('transform', null);
                mainRegion.select('rect').filter($$.isRegionOnX)
                    .attr("x", $$.regionX.bind($$))
                    .attr("width", $$.regionWidth.bind($$));
                $$.updateEventRect();

                // callback for end of flow
                done();
            });
        };
    };

    c3_chart_fn.selected = function (targetId) {
        var $$ = this.internal, d3 = $$.d3;
        return d3.merge(
            $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shapes + $$.getTargetSelectorSuffix(targetId)).selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape)
                .filter(function () { return d3.select(this).classed(CLASS.SELECTED); })
                .map(function (d) { return d.map(function (d) { var data = d.__data__; return data.data ? data.data : data; }); })
        );
    };
    c3_chart_fn.select = function (ids, indices, resetOther) {
        var $$ = this.internal, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        if (! config.data_selection_enabled) { return; }
        $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shapes).selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape).each(function (d, i) {
            var shape = d3.select(this), id = d.data ? d.data.id : d.id,
                toggle = $$.getToggle(this).bind($$),
                isTargetId = config.data_selection_grouped || !ids || ids.indexOf(id) >= 0,
                isTargetIndex = !indices || indices.indexOf(i) >= 0,
                isSelected = shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED);
            // line/area selection not supported yet
            if (shape.classed(CLASS.line) || shape.classed(CLASS.area)) {
                return;
            }
            if (isTargetId && isTargetIndex) {
                if (config.data_selection_isselectable(d) && !isSelected) {
                    toggle(true, shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED, true), d, i);
                }
            } else if (isDefined(resetOther) && resetOther) {
                if (isSelected) {
                    toggle(false, shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED, false), d, i);
                }
            }
        });
    };
    c3_chart_fn.unselect = function (ids, indices) {
        var $$ = this.internal, d3 = $$.d3, config = $$.config;
        if (! config.data_selection_enabled) { return; }
        $$.main.selectAll('.' + CLASS.shapes).selectAll('.' + CLASS.shape).each(function (d, i) {
            var shape = d3.select(this), id = d.data ? d.data.id : d.id,
                toggle = $$.getToggle(this).bind($$),
                isTargetId = config.data_selection_grouped || !ids || ids.indexOf(id) >= 0,
                isTargetIndex = !indices || indices.indexOf(i) >= 0,
                isSelected = shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED);
            // line/area selection not supported yet
            if (shape.classed(CLASS.line) || shape.classed(CLASS.area)) {
                return;
            }
            if (isTargetId && isTargetIndex) {
                if (config.data_selection_isselectable(d)) {
                    if (isSelected) {
                        toggle(false, shape.classed(CLASS.SELECTED, false), d, i);
                    }
                }
            }
        });
    };

    c3_chart_fn.transform = function (type, targetIds) {
        var $$ = this.internal,
            options = ['pie', 'donut'].indexOf(type) >= 0 ? {withTransform: true} : null;
        $$.transformTo(targetIds, type, options);
    };

    c3_chart_internal_fn.transformTo = function (targetIds, type, optionsForRedraw) {
        var $$ = this,
            withTransitionForAxis = !$$.hasArcType(),
            options = optionsForRedraw || {withTransitionForAxis: withTransitionForAxis};
        options.withTransitionForTransform = false;
        $$.transiting = false;
        $$.setTargetType(targetIds, type);
        $$.updateAndRedraw(options);
    };

    c3_chart_fn.groups = function (groups) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (isUndefined(groups)) { return config.data_groups; }
        config.data_groups = groups;
        $$.redraw();
        return config.data_groups;
    };

    c3_chart_fn.xgrids = function (grids) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (! grids) { return config.grid_x_lines; }
        config.grid_x_lines = grids;
        $$.redraw();
        return config.grid_x_lines;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.xgrids.add = function (grids) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        return this.xgrids($$.config.grid_x_lines.concat(grids ? grids : []));
    };
    c3_chart_fn.xgrids.remove = function (params) { // TODO: multiple
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.removeGridLines(params, true);
    };

    c3_chart_fn.ygrids = function (grids) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (! grids) { return config.grid_y_lines; }
        config.grid_y_lines = grids;
        $$.redraw();
        return config.grid_y_lines;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.ygrids.add = function (grids) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        return this.ygrids($$.config.grid_y_lines.concat(grids ? grids : []));
    };
    c3_chart_fn.ygrids.remove = function (params) { // TODO: multiple
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.removeGridLines(params, false);
    };

    c3_chart_fn.regions = function (regions) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (!regions) { return config.regions; }
        config.regions = regions;
        $$.redraw();
        return config.regions;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.regions.add = function (regions) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (!regions) { return config.regions; }
        config.regions = config.regions.concat(regions);
        $$.redraw();
        return config.regions;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.regions.remove = function (options) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config,
            duration, classes, regions;

        options = options || {};
        duration = $$.getOption(options, "duration", config.transition_duration);
        classes = $$.getOption(options, "classes", [CLASS.region]);

        regions = $$.main.select('.' + CLASS.regions).selectAll(classes.map(function (c) { return '.' + c; }));
        (duration ? regions.transition().duration(duration) : regions)
            .style('opacity', 0)
            .remove();

        config.regions = config.regions.filter(function (region) {
            var found = false;
            if (!region.class) {
                return true;
            }
            region.class.split(' ').forEach(function (c) {
                if (classes.indexOf(c) >= 0) { found = true; }
            });
            return !found;
        });

        return config.regions;
    };

    c3_chart_fn.data = function () {};
    c3_chart_fn.data.get = function (targetId) {
        var target = this.data.getAsTarget(targetId);
        return isDefined(target) ? target.values.map(function (d) { return d.value; }) : undefined;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.data.getAsTarget = function (targetId) {
        var targets = this.data.targets.filter(function (t) { return t.id === targetId; });
        return targets.length > 0 ? targets[0] : undefined;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.data.names = function (names) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (!arguments.length) { return config.data_names; }
        Object.keys(names).forEach(function (id) {
            config.data_names[id] = names[id];
        });
        $$.redraw({withLegend: true});
        return config.data_names;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.data.colors = function (colors) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (!arguments.length) { return config.data_colors; }
        Object.keys(colors).forEach(function (id) {
            config.data_colors[id] = colors[id];
        });
        $$.redraw({withLegend: true});
        return config.data_colors;
    };

    c3_chart_fn.category = function (i, category) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (arguments.length > 1) {
            config.axis_x_categories[i] = category;
            $$.redraw();
        }
        return config.axis_x_categories[i];
    };
    c3_chart_fn.categories = function (categories) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (!arguments.length) { return config.axis_x_categories; }
        config.axis_x_categories = categories;
        $$.redraw();
        return config.axis_x_categories;
    };

    // TODO: fix
    c3_chart_fn.color = function (id) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        return $$.color(id); // more patterns
    };

    c3_chart_fn.x = function (x) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        if (arguments.length) {
            $$.updateTargetX($$.data.targets, x);
            $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true});
        }
        return $$.data.xs;
    };
    c3_chart_fn.xs = function (xs) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        if (arguments.length) {
            $$.updateTargetXs($$.data.targets, xs);
            $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true});
        }
        return $$.data.xs;
    };

    c3_chart_fn.axis = function () {};
    c3_chart_fn.axis.labels = function (labels) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        if (arguments.length) {
            Object.keys(labels).forEach(function (axisId) {
                $$.setAxisLabelText(axisId, labels[axisId]);
            });
            $$.updateAxisLabels();
        }
        // TODO: return some values?
    };
    c3_chart_fn.axis.max = function (max) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (arguments.length) {
            if (typeof max === 'object') {
                if (isValue(max.x)) { config.axis_x_max = max.x; }
                if (isValue(max.y)) { config.axis_y_max = max.y; }
                if (isValue(max.y2)) { config.axis_y2_max = max.y2; }
            } else {
                config.axis_y_max = config.axis_y2_max = max;
            }
            $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true});
        }
    };
    c3_chart_fn.axis.min = function (min) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        if (arguments.length) {
            if (typeof min === 'object') {
                if (isValue(min.x)) { config.axis_x_min = min.x; }
                if (isValue(min.y)) { config.axis_y_min = min.y; }
                if (isValue(min.y2)) { config.axis_y2_min = min.y2; }
            } else {
                config.axis_y_min = config.axis_y2_min = min;
            }
            $$.redraw({withUpdateOrgXDomain: true, withUpdateXDomain: true});
        }
    };
    c3_chart_fn.axis.range = function (range) {
        if (arguments.length) {
            if (isDefined(range.max)) { this.axis.max(range.max); }
            if (isDefined(range.min)) { this.axis.min(range.min); }
        }
    };

    c3_chart_fn.legend = function () {};
    c3_chart_fn.legend.show = function (targetIds) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.showLegend($$.mapToTargetIds(targetIds));
        $$.updateAndRedraw({withLegend: true});
    };
    c3_chart_fn.legend.hide = function (targetIds) {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.hideLegend($$.mapToTargetIds(targetIds));
        $$.updateAndRedraw({withLegend: true});
    };

    c3_chart_fn.resize = function (size) {
        var $$ = this.internal, config = $$.config;
        config.size_width = size ? size.width : null;
        config.size_height = size ? size.height : null;
        this.flush();
    };

    c3_chart_fn.flush = function () {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.updateAndRedraw({withLegend: true, withTransition: false, withTransitionForTransform: false});
    };

    c3_chart_fn.destroy = function () {
        var $$ = this.internal;
        $$.data.targets = undefined;
        $$.data.xs = {};
        $$.selectChart.classed('c3', false).html("");
        window.onresize = null;
    };

    // Features:
    // 1. category axis
    // 2. ceil values of translate/x/y to int for half pixel antialiasing
    function c3_axis(d3, isCategory) {
        var scale = d3.scale.linear(), orient = "bottom", innerTickSize = 6, outerTickSize = 6, tickPadding = 3, tickValues = null, tickFormat, tickArguments;

        var tickOffset = 0, tickCulling = true, tickCentered;

        function axisX(selection, x) {
            selection.attr("transform", function (d) {
                return "translate(" + Math.ceil(x(d) + tickOffset) + ", 0)";
            });
        }
        function axisY(selection, y) {
            selection.attr("transform", function (d) {
                return "translate(0," + Math.ceil(y(d)) + ")";
            });
        }
        function scaleExtent(domain) {
            var start = domain[0], stop = domain[domain.length - 1];
            return start < stop ? [ start, stop ] : [ stop, start ];
        }
        function generateTicks(scale) {
            var i, domain, ticks = [];
            if (scale.ticks) {
                return scale.ticks.apply(scale, tickArguments);
            }
            domain = scale.domain();
            for (i = Math.ceil(domain[0]); i < domain[1]; i++) {
                ticks.push(i);
            }
            if (ticks.length > 0 && ticks[0] > 0) {
                ticks.unshift(ticks[0] - (ticks[1] - ticks[0]));
            }
            return ticks;
        }
        function copyScale() {
            var newScale = scale.copy(), domain;
            if (isCategory) {
                domain = scale.domain();
                newScale.domain([domain[0], domain[1] - 1]);
            }
            return newScale;
        }
        function textFormatted(v) {
            return tickFormat ? tickFormat(v) : v;
        }
        function axis(g) {
            g.each(function () {
                var g = d3.select(this);
                var scale0 = this.__chart__ || scale, scale1 = this.__chart__ = copyScale();

                var ticks = tickValues ? tickValues : generateTicks(scale1),
                    tick = g.selectAll(".tick").data(ticks, scale1),
                    tickEnter = tick.enter().insert("g", ".domain").attr("class", "tick").style("opacity", 1e-6),
                    // MEMO: No exit transition. The reason is this transition affects max tick width calculation because old tick will be included in the ticks.
                    tickExit = tick.exit().remove(),
                    tickUpdate = d3.transition(tick).style("opacity", 1),
                    tickTransform, tickX;

                var range = scale.rangeExtent ? scale.rangeExtent() : scaleExtent(scale.range()),
                    path = g.selectAll(".domain").data([ 0 ]),
                    pathUpdate = (path.enter().append("path").attr("class", "domain"), d3.transition(path));
                tickEnter.append("line");
                tickEnter.append("text");

                var lineEnter = tickEnter.select("line"),
                    lineUpdate = tickUpdate.select("line"),
                    text = tick.select("text").text(textFormatted),
                    textEnter = tickEnter.select("text"),
                    textUpdate = tickUpdate.select("text");

                if (isCategory) {
                    tickOffset = Math.ceil((scale1(1) - scale1(0)) / 2);
                    tickX = tickCentered ? 0 : tickOffset;
                } else {
                    tickOffset = tickX = 0;
                }

                function tickSize(d) {
                    var tickPosition = scale(d) + tickOffset;
                    return range[0] < tickPosition && tickPosition < range[1] ? innerTickSize : 0;
                }

                switch (orient) {
                case "bottom":
                    {
                        tickTransform = axisX;
                        lineEnter.attr("y2", innerTickSize);
                        textEnter.attr("y", Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding);
                        lineUpdate.attr("x1", tickX).attr("x2", tickX).attr("y2", tickSize);
                        textUpdate.attr("x", 0).attr("y", Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding);
                        text.attr("dy", ".71em").style("text-anchor", "middle");
                        pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + range[0] + "," + outerTickSize + "V0H" + range[1] + "V" + outerTickSize);
                        break;
                    }
                case "top":
                    {
                        tickTransform = axisX;
                        lineEnter.attr("y2", -innerTickSize);
                        textEnter.attr("y", -(Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding));
                        lineUpdate.attr("x2", 0).attr("y2", -innerTickSize);
                        textUpdate.attr("x", 0).attr("y", -(Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding));
                        text.attr("dy", "0em").style("text-anchor", "middle");
                        pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + range[0] + "," + -outerTickSize + "V0H" + range[1] + "V" + -outerTickSize);
                        break;
                    }
                case "left":
                    {
                        tickTransform = axisY;
                        lineEnter.attr("x2", -innerTickSize);
                        textEnter.attr("x", -(Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding));
                        lineUpdate.attr("x2", -innerTickSize).attr("y2", 0);
                        textUpdate.attr("x", -(Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding)).attr("y", tickOffset);
                        text.attr("dy", ".32em").style("text-anchor", "end");
                        pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + -outerTickSize + "," + range[0] + "H0V" + range[1] + "H" + -outerTickSize);
                        break;
                    }
                case "right":
                    {
                        tickTransform = axisY;
                        lineEnter.attr("x2", innerTickSize);
                        textEnter.attr("x", Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding);
                        lineUpdate.attr("x2", innerTickSize).attr("y2", 0);
                        textUpdate.attr("x", Math.max(innerTickSize, 0) + tickPadding).attr("y", 0);
                        text.attr("dy", ".32em").style("text-anchor", "start");
                        pathUpdate.attr("d", "M" + outerTickSize + "," + range[0] + "H0V" + range[1] + "H" + outerTickSize);
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (scale1.rangeBand) {
                    var x = scale1, dx = x.rangeBand() / 2;
                    scale0 = scale1 = function (d) {
                        return x(d) + dx;
                    };
                } else if (scale0.rangeBand) {
                    scale0 = scale1;
                } else {
                    tickExit.call(tickTransform, scale1);
                }
                tickEnter.call(tickTransform, scale0);
                tickUpdate.call(tickTransform, scale1);
            });
        }
        axis.scale = function (x) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return scale; }
            scale = x;
            return axis;
        };
        axis.orient = function (x) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return orient; }
            orient = x in {top: 1, right: 1, bottom: 1, left: 1} ? x + "" : "bottom";
            return axis;
        };
        axis.tickFormat = function (format) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return tickFormat; }
            tickFormat = format;
            return axis;
        };
        axis.tickCentered = function (isCentered) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return tickCentered; }
            tickCentered = isCentered;
            return axis;
        };
        axis.tickOffset = function () { // This will be overwritten when normal x axis
            return tickOffset;
        };
        axis.ticks = function () {
            if (!arguments.length) { return tickArguments; }
            tickArguments = arguments;
            return axis;
        };
        axis.tickCulling = function (culling) {
            if (!arguments.length) { return tickCulling; }
            tickCulling = culling;
            return axis;
        };
        axis.tickValues = function (x) {
            if (typeof x === 'function') {
                tickValues = function () {
                    return x(scale.domain());
                };
            }
            else {
                if (!arguments.length) { return tickValues; }
                tickValues = x;
            }
            return axis;
        };
        return axis;
    }

    if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
        define("c3", ["d3"], c3);
    } else if ('undefined' !== typeof exports && 'undefined' !== typeof module) {
        module.exports = c3;
    } else {
        window.c3 = c3;
    }

})(window);
